FERN 



575 



ill slia.lr and sunshine, but will grow eiiually well in 



'' ' ' ' ' '//.s- prefers a peaty soil ia very wet, 



I , . , , I III partial shade, but will grow as well in 



ir :,ii ;i!ii ]i ^i.il is rich and not dry. 



/'.<..' 1 ' .../.. 1/7. »)-crt prefers rather dry positions in 

 lt;utiat >!iaiir, winter and summer, with soil not deficieut 

 ill Inn.'. It will not endure heavy mulching. Will grow 

 ill lull suii-liiii,.. hut not to its full size. It may be 

 ti-:in~|.hiutr.l ar any season. 



/'/,, ,/,./,/, , ,x Ihiiopterls prefers good soil in shade not, 

 i.v. r ni .i~t or ,|ry. Avoid coating of leaves. It is a 

 l.iauiniil ~|..(M^ and useful for planting on rockwork in 



I'll. I'.pi.ris h, >■,/,,..„..,.'-,■( \, .::[-. c,'ood soil in shade. 



I'll, ,i..l,l, r,n i'"hi!. . |.|. I, moist, shaded posi- 

 tions, hut, will i,'r..w ,!, :,l|^ - I soil not too dry. The 



fion.ls ,Ub down in laiu ^uu.nur. ^-specially in the drier 

 ]iositions. 



Pnhinodinm viiUjare prefers good, light soil in well 

 draincil but moist situations in shade, with no other plants 

 trnnviui; with it. It will endure very dry places, but 

 will he dwarfed. Will also do well in full sunlight if 

 s til conditions are good. As a native it grows in posi- 

 tions where it does not receive any yearly coating of 

 fallen leaves, and, wherever planted, should not be cov- 

 ered with coarse material. Plant perfectly evergreen ; 

 height 6-10 in. 



P eris aqitilina, to bo grown to perfection, should 

 have considerable sunlight, with moist, rich soil, kept 

 i-ool :,„,1 I,,.,.,, vritli a roatiiiR of leaves or ether niate- 



mto the headers iniinediately under tlie ventilatmf,' sash. 



This V. ,.i, :,■,.., ,i , ; . , . .•, :i •, , . , s,,„npay 

 for i:^' 1 .:• ■ : .:•■ r 1 i:-.i I )•■ o.'-,. •specially 



when L^f'0\ 111^^ \ ,'|-' -111,11 j i |,|-ii^ Ml ii, ,ii-r~, ,.u,'li as have 



been liaiisplanie.i In. 1,1 spoii-p„ts ,1,10 ho.ves. Ventila- 

 tors shoulil lit into a groove in ridge of house and be 

 hinged to the ridge. When ventilators are so arranged, 

 air, w'hich is very desirable on a good many warm, 

 rainy days in the summer, can be given without having 

 plants in the houses suffering from excessive moisture. 

 Burning of the foliage will also be avoided, as the plants 

 will at no time be exposed to the direct rays of the sun. 

 Ventilators hinged on header and opening on ridge will 

 always give trouble. No matter what kind of covering 

 is put over the opening, if it efficiently excludes the 

 burning sun's rays it will also prevent the ingress of 



Propagating room should be provided for ; and in the 

 case of general trade Ferns raised from spores, it is a 

 very safe rule to calculate on having from 60 to 70 

 square inches of room in the propagating frame for 

 every 1,000 plants desired. The propagating frame 

 should be 3% feet wide, have sides 9 inches high, and, 

 to insure an even moisture, its bottom should be cov- 

 ered to the thickness of 1 inch with fine cinders with 

 the fine ashes removed, which make very clean and effi- 

 cient drainage material. The frame should be covered 

 with light sash constructed with drip-bars, to carry off 

 condensation. 



Shading of Fern houses should have close attention. 



It is lH,st < tf, ,-t. .1 Ir.: tl,,, :,ppli,",li,u, ,-,f n =nit;il,l|. wash 



of 



>■, iiliin liounds. The earliest 

 l:iio -uuiiiii r, but those of later 

 , il lio-i. so that with attention 



fronds a group will look well 



I fall. 



iiodwardia angnstifoUa wants a moist situatio 

 ' shade. Does well in moist peat north of a ban 

 . Will endure full sunlight in positions will ,o it 



ted to sunny position. F. W. I'. Me i,\ 

 -|.ti-i;e .it-' Tkxdee Ferns. -To -i-o.v 1 m. 



pure white lead and en , ;. , . , proper 

 thickness (which can m i 1 liy ap- 

 plying some of it to a pi 1 l' hi-s w lnic .niding the 



whitening); thoroughly mix and apply to outside of 

 glass with a soft brush of the same width as glass. 

 This shading, by the addition of more or less linseed 

 oil, may be made to stay on houses up to one year. If 



fa<Ui..n runs north and south. Have an even-span roof, 

 with a fall to root of U inches to the foot. Its benches 

 should be arranged to be about 7 feet wide, with a 24- 

 iiieh p.ath on either side. In an 18-foot house this will 

 permit of having a 7-foot center table, two ,3J^-foot side 

 bi-nrhrs and two ijlineii jiaths. Benches should not be 

 niojo tloiii :; till aii..\( the walks, as this will bring 

 evory part of tin- Imih-Ii w ithin easy reach, and will per- 

 mit oi' i-v.-i-v pl.-iiit heiny- in constant sight and easily 

 .arid for. wlihh I a.-t is essential in the profitable culti- 

 valloii ,,f Ii-ade F.-rns. 



Tie- «idtli of liouse is immaterial, but when houses 

 jtilioiit. a width of 27 feet has been found to be very 

 sal : 1,1 III . .I- this permits the construction of three 7- 

 t" 1 i . I o 21-inch paths, and two paths 23^ feet 



I ' i-ion should be made for ventilation. 



1' ' '. ti eoutinuous row of ventilators of 



:ti ' : I hiili liould be provided, with some 



I'o ''■'<■ i,,'ii I I, : !■ t,ii-ing same. Heating is the 

 II' il loH. Either steam or hot wa- 



!•■' -' - ■' •ooiii, !■ I results if properly installed. 



Tie- safest way lor tin- tiverage grower is to give the 

 heating contract to some reliable firm. Water taps 

 should be so arranged that a 25-foot hose attached to 

 same will easily reach nny part of the house. A 2.^)-font 

 hose can easily be .■avri.-d' al.oiit without ininnio.' -ither 

 itself or benches an, i nliiii-: :oi.l ir,,ii mi,., 1 ,,1,,.,!, 



half the cost of go... I , i n 1 : ; 



a source of great a n 1 , , , i , ,1 ! , . 1 , | 1 



by the use of drip-bar-.' 1,-, Inn m , ,1 .inp i-, , . pl. .-.-,.. I 



37 



feel 



Tin 



nently constructed of substantial materltil. in ord. r that 



a number of pots of diffei-ent sizes can be 1 veni. ml , 



stored, and that potting material can be thrown from 

 cart or wagon directly onto potting benches. 1-iy an im- 

 proper arrangement of workshop great expense, loss 

 of time and material are incurred by having to handle 

 material repeatedly in small quantities. 



Propagation hij Mkih- ■■' S'/. -,. -. 'I',. L-r.w Ferns 



pores succe: 

 on which spores a. 

 by subjecting it t 

 steam under a pre 

 for this purpose a 

 be provided with 1 

 larger if an 

 be grown. It 



III. alls of 



lis; and 

 .p should 



s feet or 

 .rus is to 



inch Itiflis s|>:i.-eil one inch apart and )ilae.ed 2 inches 

 from hottoin of the box. This grating may be covered 

 with burlap, and if a ',,-inch steam pipe is fitted between 

 bottom of h.ix tmd grating, and connected to highest 

 point of steam Itoiler (to insure getting iH-rfe.nly .try 

 steam) we are ready to sterilize the soil. .\ft. i- li;i\ im- 



cooled off, the soil is in practically the s ..n.liii.i 



as before as far as moisture, friableness. . i.- . ar. . ..n 



