646 



GINSENG 



carminative and tonic properties, tlie root is with us 

 seldom used except as a demulcent. The reverence in 

 which it is held, and the high price that it commands in 

 China, lid to extensive search for a substitute, which 

 resultiil in flio discovery in 1710 of American Ginseng, 

 l',i,nir ,.",'" '"'i"»i, near Montreal, Canada. This 

 r • I . : ilily rrrcived by the Chinese, and soon 



I. . , 1 tii'ni ririicle of export. During the past 



i( . .i ;:.. piiri .,1 A nierican Ginseng has advanced 

 nta:!;. Till! |n r rml, but owing to the energetic hunt for 

 the root, to the destruction of forests and to the gather- 

 ing of plants at improper times, the wild supply has 

 greatly decreased. With the advancing prices and the 



di 



pfanVs ,'""■' ''' "''"' 'i ':'!'". 

 willn.ii J. I :.,,r, ■. ,! ' I , 

 properly !■.- i>i i.' n ;i i ;• 



stones, etc., rich i ' . i 

 must be well supi. 

 vated Ginseng iil] ,. , ■ . n. 

 price than the wiM n. -i, :ii, : 

 expected from a pUiut;ili"ii n 

 industry is found to lie piMii 

 given it careful attention. 



Ginseng beds can be li.c.ii, 

 woods, where the roots nm-, 

 deterioration for several > ^ 

 marketable size. The n^Mi- 

 are likely to be stolen, ami 

 placed where they can be uu 



For further informati<in .. 

 Publications, Dept. of Aixri^ 

 for Bulletin No. 16 of th.' 

 M. G. Kains in 1898, or consii 

 etc., Orange Judd Co., 1899. 



GLADiOLUS (diminntiv 





GLADIOLUS 



ber and December, as the conns can be kept dormant by 

 the simplest kind ot cold storage. It is common for 

 florists to hold some corms in a cool place until August; 

 then plant them in boxes of rich soil 4-5 in. deep,' and 

 keep the boxes outdoors until frost. After frost-time 

 the corms are brought into a cool greenliouse, where they 

 flower within two months. New corms form above the 

 old one, and bloom the next season (Fig. 912). Cormels 

 or "spawn" also form on offshoots: these bloom in two 

 or three years. ' l. h. B. 



use all stroi g manuits on a pre\i us sc ison g crop of 

 son e otl or km 1 Any coi iplcte fertilizer is 1 ei cflcial 



1 en tl oroufehly worked tl rough the s il at the rate of 



) to 1 000 I 11 Is 1 er acre The gr n d be i f, pre 



j.ared, it should be furrowed 4 in. deep and from 24 to 30 



in. apart, according to method of cultivation. If fine, 



L.nnd bulbs arc to be grown, and the stock for planting 



' > '1-^ 1 ' , in, in diameter, it will be necessary to place 



iIm I :iI'. 1 I I 1, 1.' up in the furrow by hand, cither in 



1' i.'vvs 2 in. apart. Bulbs of lesser size 



II .1. :i, evenly as possible along the furrow, 



V, nil nil n I r. LI ..r 10 or 12 to the foot of furrow. Clean 

 cnllnre lliron|,'hi>ut the growing season is essential. 

 Cutting the spike of flowers is a help to increasing the 

 size of the bulbs. Four months is sufficient for the 

 growth and maturity of the bulb. To harvest, loosen the 

 soil ami lift the bulbs by their tops, and lay on tho 

 1,'round to dry off and ripen. Should weather permit 



I othe 



mercially, of all the "C«\t 



About 140 species of c. 



form fls. in spikes at the 



or less tubular, the tube i 



niniit of a s.-ape. FL more 

 ;illy funnel-shaped (enlarg- 

 ing upwards); segments 0, more or less unequal, 

 strongly narrowed or even clawed at the base, the upper 



•th< 



3, on a long style 

 by Baker, Iridea 



About 15 of til- - 1" 

 western Asia. A U w h 

 tains of tropical Africa 

 are South African, ho\ 

 and of these species tli 

 following synopsis. 'I'l 



cultivated in tliis m 



The S. African i- . 

 given rise to the nunM i 

 There are semi-ileul.le 



opening or mouth 

 L the tube; stigmas 

 Fig. 911. Monogr. 



-,ire little 



ire hardy. 



L. H. B. 



r. THE CULTURE OF GLADIOLI. 

 A. From the amateur's point of view. 

 The essentials of Gladiolus culture can be told in a 

 sentence: the corms should be planted as early in 

 spring as the soil can be fitted ; they flower the same 

 season in July and August, and can be stored over win- 

 ter in any cool, dry cellar that will keep potatoes. Late 

 spring frosts do not penetrate the soil deep enough to 

 hurt the early planted corms. The blooming season can 

 be easily prolonged until frost by successive plantings 

 from .^pril to .Tuly 4. The flowers are excellent for 



three wavs : (1) by natural 

 in; (2) by seed; (3) by the 

 base of the new eorm. 



