ceous grafting in nhicli the cion is taken from green or 



growing wood 



It IS customary to clissif\ grafting m respect to the 



wi> m which the union is made There are three 



rener d t\ pea in ( iramon use in this country : 



ktt gi tt \li 1 tting veneer grafting. 



( / in splitting the stock 



1 tie cion into the cleft. 



I r large stocks prefer- 



is then se 



GRAFTAGE 663 



It is then put away for future use, and will keep indefi- 

 nitely. When used, the warmth of the hands will cause 

 it to soften. The hands should be greased to prevent it 

 from sticking. 



Cleft-grafting is the method usually employed in the 

 top-grafting of fruit trees, as apples, pears, plums and 

 cherries. Old peach trees are rarely changed over to a 

 new variety. If they are, budding is employed, as al- 

 ready suggested; the limbs are headed back so that new 



sun 



if the shxt 



(Fig <)3") LI tt ^i tt 

 spring The LRUS are t 

 from the list \ e u s sh 

 cellar or ether ctol plai 

 berertt tl> d rramt ] 



f three 1 ids lcn.,th 

 long joiiite 1 ail 1 if tl e\ 1lRt^ is new or rare, and 

 the wool thru t re scii th \ mi^ be made of 



1 t -s I 1 II el 1 1 ed part should 



1 t 1 1 tl 1 in order that 



111 II I I ft (Pig 938). 



It t 1 1 1 ear the top of 



tl \ 1 \l 1 1 tl 111 covered with 



was It 1 th in tlik ht jrrjw since it is nearest 

 thesourceof f jodsupi h an I is less iniured by ex- 

 ternal conditions Iti ushesthiough 



m the open air i 

 together one pound (1 

 dared tallow two part 



943. Tree grown from a long-cion root-eraft. 



four parts of resin. The melted liquid is poured into a 

 pail or tub of water, when it immediately hardens. It is 

 then pulled until it is light-colored and develops a grain. 



944. Grafting knife (X %). 

 wood is secured in which the buds may tie set. It is im- 

 portant, in all top-working of fruit trees, to keep down 

 the suckers which spring up around the cion, and which 

 sometimes completely choke it. In changing over the 

 top of a fruit tree, all the leading branches should be 

 grafted (Fig. KW). It is well to stand at some distance 

 from the tree and make a mental picture of how the 

 tree will look when the new top is secured: the grafts 

 should be set in approximatelj a radius fiom the center 



of the tree 

 some of thi 



It 



low. 



that the stock should be larger 



ter where the cions are set On 



^ it will be necessaiy to graft 



I I 1 t(i fall the top and to 



Ml IS It will lequire 



■ )\er the tiee to a 



Ml II 11 of the oiiginal top 



lis t il c more and more of the 



affoid footholds t i 

 from three to f< hi 

 new variety En li \ 

 IS removed, and the en 

 space 



Bark grafting (Fig 940) is a most excellent method 

 nf ..1 iftiii., fuih Iii.,t limbs sinie it docs not in]ure 



Til 



The 



The . 11 II 



be ot approMiuately equ il 

 siz" Each IS cut off m . 

 slanting direction, and i 

 split or tongue is made near 

 the middle The same shape 



means of waxed en 

 graft lb above giound 

 wounds should be th 



I iiij]plii\ed in the nursery and on very 

 I not used in top grafting except now 

 I limbs The pictures sufhciently lUus 

 ik IS done 



ck shouli 



r>hicf use of, the whip 

 IS in root grafting 

 1^ eiii, 1 ^^■d chiefly 



1 ^ 11 I 111 stl\ at the 



945 Veneer graftii 



\\ t I ih I t other things being equal budded ap 

 I I 11 1 1 hiable to root giafted tiees In the 



\\ t II « \ I If IS necessin to hue nppli tues on 



of known haidiness e^cii il me 



fioin the haidiest vAiicti. i i mn 



tousecions b to 12 in Ion ts 



2M-4 in long (Fu '>i2) II 'li it 



onlj the top bud ■ t llii i i " i 



The piece of loot II t inn i 1 1 m 

 the cion itself (Fi^ U i \\l, i i 1 to 



