GRAPE 



tices will come back to the point from which they started 

 like a boomerang. Grapes designed for shipment are 

 packed in climax baskets. The size jireTailing in the 

 Keuka district are "poneys,' having a gross weight of 

 less than five pounds. In the Chautauqua district the 

 8-pound is the almost universal size. The reason 



GRAPE 



675 



972. The third movement. 



't customs is due to the demands of the 

 h-h the Grapes are shipped. Shipments of 

 tiuii zo to the Atlantic cities, and those 



Kfiilc'i .i;^t:i.i i.i \v. .i.rn Xew York there 

 of wn i -' M : I -IviriiT large capital, 

 Mvliir! I : : . • , . I 1 rlriiiipagne. This 

 11 at 11 iii,!ii-ir' - : !M III.- sixties, and 



given in the Kei 

 tunity for the bl 

 that the Concoi 

 planted. But an 



Lipor- 



: of several juices, 1 

 io nearly the universal variety 

 industry— that of bottling Grape 

 ice as It comes trom the press — has lately been estab- 

 ,hed and piomi^es considerable development 

 The methods of marketing Giapes are of great \ anet> 

 urmg the season of IbOJ and 1891 there -nas foimed in 

 e Lake Keuka district and adiaceiit 1 iki s i li ojitia 

 re m 11 kftmg association compoveil i I 1 is 



1 s \nd represented 



•thi 



Till 



11 . t sup 



to e\ce5 

 . ojhceis, 

 n of eich 

 ittle better 



Is of coop 



eratiM slnpiiRiits md i i li tl i i i ii than that 



of the KLUka held The hist « is t i the seasons of 

 1892, 1893 and 189i The plan was lesumed again in 

 1897, and continued through the seasons of 1898 and 

 1899. For the season of 1897 the association represented 

 about 8.') per cent of the acreage of the district beginning 

 at Silver C'rei-k. N. Y., and continuing to Harbor Creek, 

 Pa., colli]. rising about 25,000 acres. 



These associations, no doubt, serve a good purpose in 

 giving a more even distribution of fruit in different 

 markets. When there is no concert of action the market 

 of a certain city may be poorly supplied to-day and an 

 advance of prices follows, a state of affairs quickly 

 known to all shippers, with a result that everyone, trying 

 to benefit by such an advantage, will consign to that mar- 

 ket, making an aggregate far beyond the demand; and a 

 sharp decline of prices will follow. A union represent- 



ing a high percentage of acreage can prevent such gluts, 

 provided the over-supply or under-consumption is not 

 such that all the available markets in the country are 

 not glutted, a state of affairs that is liable to happen at 

 mid-harvest, when double the number of cars is forced 

 on the market. 



The total shipments from the Chautauqua district for 

 seven seasons have been as follows : 



No. of Cars 



1893 3,100 



1804 3,600 



189.T 3,200 



1898 4,050 



imi 6,000 



1898 



1899 7,000 



A. B. Clothier, of Silver Creek, N. Y.. gives the fol- 

 lowing as the expense of planting and developing an 

 acre of Grapes : 

 Plowing And niarkin!; im a,Ts r,f laii.l $3 00 



Number of plant- - II ■. n ii , i.":. Ti.-t 12 10 



Cost of planting; 1 50 



Number of .-nil!' ■•- -..v,7 i',,.i 7 00 



Cost of cultivaliMi, - , -:,.,, I, 7 00 



Number pouildb "1 wire l"i 1 wnu llvlli.s, \jW lb.s.: 



Staples. 6 lbs. Cost 22 80 



Number posts for trellis, 202; number braces, 20. Cost.. 14 14 

 Cost of putting up trellis 3 OU 



Cost of acre of Grapes, exclusive of land $70 54 



S. S. Crissey, of Fredonia, N. Y., horticultural editor 

 of the "Grape Belt," without going into details, puts 

 the total cost of an acre of vineyard at from $75 to $80, 

 which practically agrees with that of Mr. Clothier. 

 These are men of experience and wide observation, and 

 their estimates may be considered to be representative 

 and reliable. 



Mr. Clothier gives the following estimate for the cost 

 of labor for an acre of Grapes in bearing, per season: 



Cost of pruning, pulling brush, tapping posts, righting 

 braces, stretching wires, tying of vines, and cultiva- 

 tion per acre $12 00 



Cost of picking into crates, 4 tons of Grapes 4 50 



Cost of hauling to station and loading in car, 4 tons of 



Grapes 4 00 



$20 50 

 Mr. Crissey's estimate is a little higher, making cost 

 under the same conditions to be $23. 



As to the yield of an acre of Grapes in the Chautauqua 

 belt, the variation is great. A vineyardist who has any 

 expectation of standing in line with progressive men 



973. The tie complete. 



should expect to have a record of 4 tons of Concords 

 per acre. This is more than the average, but unless a 

 man can exceed the average in any line, there is small 

 chance for him to succeed. 



As to prices, the variation during the past seven years 

 has been greater than that of the yield. Grapes have 



