696 



GREENHOUSE 



As a rule, the night temperature should be 10-15° Fahr. 

 below the iiKixiiniim day temperature in the shade. A 

 high Tiii;ht ti-To|.ir.iture makes the plants soft and tends 

 to brill- tliiiii 1.. iiiaturity too early. It makes weak 

 steins ,iimI liiililiv II.Avers. The temperature .should 

 chan;;r L'r;i<lu;il]y ; \'ioIent fluctuations are fatal to good 

 results, particularly to plants which ai-e grown at a high 

 temperature. 



In Greenhouse cultivation, every plant is to receive in- 

 dividual care. In the field, the crop is the unit: there 

 we deal with plants in the aggregate. In the (green- 

 house, each plant is to be saved and to receive special 

 care : upon this success depends. There should be no 

 vacant places on the Greenhouse bench; room is too 



GREENS 



and bottom of the soil; and in pots it takes idace from 

 all sides. M'ater on a risiny temperature. This advice 

 is particularly applicable to warmhouse stuff. Watering 

 is a cooling process. The foliage should not go into the 

 night wet, particularly if the plant is soft-growing or is 

 a warmhouse subject. Water sparingln ornot at all when 

 evaporation is slight, as in dull weather. 



In all Greenhouse work, see that the soil is thoroughly 

 comminuted and that it contains much sand or fiber. 

 The amount of soil is .small: see that it is all usable. 



In the garden, roots may wander if l- 1 -il i- imi at 



hand: in pots they cannot. The in- i:- in 



Greenhouses tendstopackthGsi.il.;.! ,i ilm 



water is applied from a hose. Tin- mm ,i.;iiiitu- 



gether or to puddle. Thtivlt.iL-, u sli.nil.l cmi- 

 tain little silt or clay. The Kai-dcini-s prai'- 

 tice of adding sand to his Greenhouse soil is 

 thus explained. 



Ventilation is employed fur llir imriiuse of 



reducing temperature ami - f ' . ,< ,' ■>!,„ns- 



pheric moisture. Theor.n. , :;.iM-d 



H also for the purpose of ill 1 1 nally 



fresh air, but with the.-i. iiiiiij,- 



,,,, -r iI.M.rs. ali.l tlic uiKiv,,>i .| tli„ 



1005. RanE:e oi i 



nmercial Gri 



valuable. All this means that every care should be taken 

 to so arrange the house that every plant will have a 

 chance to develop to its utmost perfection. Patient 

 hand labor pays w'ith Greenhouse plants. The work can- 

 not be done by tools or by proxy. Therefore, the gar- 

 dener becomes skilful. 



Every caution should be taken to prevent the plants 

 from befoming diseased or from being attacked by in- 

 sects. The greater part of insect and fungous troubles 

 in the (iri.-enhouse are the result of carelessness or of 

 mistiik'^s in tlir t'l-owiim- nf tlip pLivit-, D-trniiine what 

 dise:isr^ in- I'l-i, :iiT lik.-ly t.i h::lI ,m : i.l.mt; dis- 



like 



fected l.arHv ,. r -r .,:... i . i : ... i : 1 • ■,-!. ■■.„„.■. 



applytli.'ri.n-;. ' " !.. ■:• . . •!•■. i;. u : , . .•..I'.l '• 



very lin.trcl ; : , , ..,;,.;.,•,■■. i '■,..•; . 



equaljlr i-iiliilili"ii -. :i; -" i-r.t,,!- i h.ir i n. mi. . : ll. ,)■.•- 

 fore, it is better to cmiiit cm not having the difficulties 

 than on curing them. If diseases or pests have been 

 troublesome, make a complete change of soil or stock 

 before the next season, if practicable. At least once 

 every year there is an opportunity to rid the place of 

 pests. " Many gardeners carry their troubles year by 

 year by trying to fight them, when they might succeed 

 by trying to avoid them. 



I'he higher the temperature and the more rapid the 

 growth, the greater the care necessary to insure good re- 

 sults. Plants grown under such conditions are soft and 

 juicy. They are easily injured by every untoward cir- 

 cumstance, particularly by drafts of cold air. Let a 

 draft of cold air fall on cucumbers or rapid-growing 

 roses, and mildew will result in spite of Bordeaux mix- 

 ture and brimstone. 



In dark uralhrr. grow the pi, nils slow 



much heat <ir I.... n li w.ni r, ilir\ 1.. 



flabby, and full ' :' . . .! 



orders. A sti.ri 



larly in the dull L. i .m.i i..-. - 



at that time, tak.n.ur.i i.ri. auLu.u.s m il, 

 of the house. 



Watering plants under glass requires ii 

 than any other single operation. Apply i 

 plants need it. is a gardener's rule, but it is difficult to 

 apply because um- niav net know wlu-n th.-v need it. 

 Yet, if the ganl.iii r wiil |.iii thr , 1,1111,11. is ,.,i' the word 

 need he will at l.usi l.i- riiiiiii.ui-.i ; 1, ..vi. -is ..fti-n apply 

 the advice as it' ii ,-. mi, Ai.j.lv wnt. r wlu-n tlic plants 

 will stand it. lr,/^,• ll,nnni.,lil,i ,,l ,arh application. 

 III. HI- liaiii, than good. Many 

 il.\ l.iit i,..i .11. High. Remember 

 ii.i, takes |,|iice from both top 



If 



partlCU- 

 . I winter: 

 uagement 



judgment 



Mere dribbling 



t.i iu..i.l tl,.. lil .■rr.-.-ts of .Inifts ,.11 tl,,. i.laiil-. -Manv 

 small ..p,-, lings arc better th;m a few large ours. Veuti'- 

 late on a rising temperature. 



Most plants require shading in the summer under 

 glass. Shading is of use in mitigating the heat more 

 than in tempering the light. A shaded house has more 

 uniform conditions of temperature and moisture. If 

 plants are grown soft and in partial shade, they are 

 likely to be injured if exposed to bright sunlight, 't^uii- 

 scalding is most conimon in spring, since the plants are 

 not yet imir. 1 t.-i Lrirlit sunshine and strong sun heat. 

 Theburiii'i ■ . I ■ I - j. ,iiie to waves (not bubbles) in 

 the glas-. I: I ,1 i- said that, other things being 

 ef|nal. ili. :, _ 1 n. in. use the easier is the nianage- 

 iiipiit <.l It. li :. 1. . . . uljjectto fluctuations of tempera- 

 iiir. anil moisture. In the "nesting" of houses, one 

 . piaitects the other from the weather. A good 

 icial American Greenhouse plant is shown in 

 >■'■-'■ !"U5. L. H, B. 



GREENS, CHRISTMAS. The Christmas Greens in- 

 dustry has developed to an enormous extent within a 

 few years. Some twenty years ago, when florists began 

 to use lycopodium, a dozen barrels were all that was 

 used in a single season in many of our lower cities. 

 To-day the output in the United States is probably 

 nearly 200 tons— about 40 car loads. 



The materials now used, mentioned in something like 

 their order of commercial importance, are holly, lyco- 

 podium (also known as bouquet green, ground pine, 

 club moss, etc.), mistletoe, laurel, and cedar clippings, 

 (ither articles of similar utility are wild smilax, hardy 

 li ru , II. . .11. piiie.s, outdoor palm leaves, Florida moss, 

 " iiid leucothoe sprays: these all come 



l.\ . ..p. iiiiiii is one of the oldest and commonest of 

 decorative materials. During seasons of long con- 

 tinued "Indian summer," a surplus is frequently gath- 

 ered by careless pickers and dumped on the market. 

 The choicest picked stock being obtainable only through 

 the regular and well established trade channels, such 

 sources are usually the only ones in case of early snow 

 storms, which prevent the gathering of it. Choice 

 stock from eastern Vermont, northern New York and 

 Pennsylvania has been usuallv liandled in large sugar 

 barrels, tied in carefully ar'au.:. .1 i. in. .lies, weighing 

 perhaps one-half to one pcmi i u. I i — - hunches arc 

 packed in the barrels in la n toward the 



center. The quantity is ahui - Ir • .i ami the price 

 25 to 3,T per cent higher than the \\i . n-in ami .■\lii-lii- 

 gan stock. Lycopodium, as handled in tie \V. -i. .-..nies 

 almost entirely from northern Wiscu-m. ami is i;ath- 

 ered from the north end of Lake Mi'liiu-an, m the vi- 



