714 



HAWAIIAN ISLANDS 



been spent in the "improvement" of home grounds, and 

 some architectural gardening is to be found, but natu- 

 ralistic landscape gardening is, as yet, in its infancy in 

 the islands, though nature furnishes so many excellent 

 types. 



Possibilities of Hoeticclture. — There can be no 

 doubt that the climates and the qualities of the soils 

 are such as to give to this country a very brilliant fu- 

 ture in the production of varied and superior horticul- 



tural product' 



The; 



int of available land, howevet, 

 larger tillable tracts are already 

 u-'il iiiiiii ■.t,ii'i,ij,,n of sugar-cane, and will probably 

 rem : i. Still there are a good many small 



ill'.;, m! : I'lapted to horticulture. 



'11m II, \'"'. Ill' mutter of market is one which must be 

 considirtd, sinre for all articles which cannot be 

 sliipped on a six days* voyage, the cultivator is limited 

 at present to but one city of about 30,000 inhabitants 

 and nn.ithL-r Kood-sizi-d town. Again, the highly devel- 

 ii|M(l li-rli.iili iirr i.r (':,lir, ,iiii;i lii-s lietweeu Hawaii and 

 til. L ' I , I'lii-r liome towns, how- 



f-\ I I I inMf tlieir present popu- 



l:iti III,.: i; I h„ \rars. and while there are 



tu-dav man, tiji.,_ >'i ii..i; au.i vegetables imported from 

 Culituruiii uu every culd-stui-agu steamer which arrives, 

 there does not seem to be immediate cause for alarm 

 regarding the market. An outlet for fruits and vege- 

 tables during the winter season is hoped to be found in 

 California, and a colony of American settlers is now de- 

 veloping this trade. 



Many minor industries are being tried, such as the 

 cultivation of the vanilla bean, various fiber plants, the 

 castor oil bean, am! flir like, ami .l<Militlr~s s.ime of these 



will prove valnal.li- aii.liliiin- T.. tin- a-l-ienlllire of the 



country. Tin- inriirc >■[' llavvaiiaii lii.ri irnli ur,- is not an 

 easy subjci-t uihiu wliii'li t.. pv.i.li.sv at the present 

 time, but one upon whieli many Ki^atly interested in 

 the country's welfare are now thinking. A government 

 experiment station is greatly needed to aid in the solu- 

 tion of some problems connected with the subject. 



J. E. HiaoiNS. 



HAW6ETHIA (A. H. Haworth, an English botanist 

 of the beginning of the century, who wrote much and 

 well on succulents). Lilicteece, tribe A!oi>ie(t. Acaules- 

 cent or short-stemmed succulents: Ivs. mostly rather 

 small, crowded in short or less commonly elongated ro- 

 settes : fls. white, rosy-striped, with somewhat irregular 

 spreading limb, the style and stamens included. Cape 

 region. Cultivation and propagation as for Aloe, Gas- 

 teria and Apicra. to which the genus is closelv relateil. 



A. Foliage on an elongated stem. {Aspect of Apicra.) 



B. it's, concave, never coarsely whiie-doltcd. 



c. Arrangement of Ivs. S-ranked. 



1. viscbsa, Haw. (^Me I'iscdsa, Linn. A.trianguldris, 

 Lam. Ap}cra viscosa, Willd.). Lvs. broad and short, 

 densely imbricated, appressed, with spreading apex, 

 minutely scabrous or viscidly punctate. B.M. 814.— In 

 the type the leaf rows are vertical, but several marked 

 varieties occur, in some of which they are prominently 

 spirally twisteil. 



2. tortiins.n. ill \ li'ii- tortndsa. Have.). Lvs. more 

 eloni.':iii , not spreading at apex, in strongly 



twist I-. B.T>1.13'37 {as Aloe rigida). - 



Varies im.. -. . ral i.nmed forms. 



cc. Arrangement of lvs. many-ranked: stem shorter. 



3. rigida, Haw. {B. erpdnsa. Haw. Aide rigida, Ker- 

 Gawl. .3. t'/pifiisn. Haw. ). Lvs. spreading or recurved, 

 somewhat utteuuati', setibrous va the back. L. B. C. 

 15:1430. 



4. Bc4bra, Iltiw. i 

 erect in a shorter r 

 obtuse, nearly pla 

 brous. 



'.. s,:;i,ni. Schult. f.). Lvs. sub- 

 ■tte tlian usual, thick and rather 

 above, both faces rugose-sca- 



BB. Lvs. mostly biconvex, white-dotted. 



5. Reinwardtii, Haw. (Aide Rehmardtii, Sa\m-I>yck). 

 Fig. 1022. Lvs. erect, often plano-convex, indexed at 

 apex, very acute, somewhat veined beneath, the back or 

 both faces with numerous elevated white tubercles in 

 more or less evident rows. 



6. coarctita Hik (R Se'inuaullu tm.hs Aide 

 coarctAtii x< liult t 1 Lvs thickti diiier „reen and 

 more sutcultnt strongly biconvex the back with a few 

 si-attered scirci h dt \ ited whitish dots 





Th 



I lull 



7 attenuata Hiw ( lUe 

 ,tH,Hniilii Uitt iiilcxiul- 

 liHuAta WiUd ) Lvs thick, 

 ittenuate, rigidly spreading, 

 1 itlitr conca\o convex sca- 

 bious or often white dotted 

 ibiiM the back with the 



cles 



mosth in 

 B M 1 !45 



1031. Hawaiian vegetation. Showmg the Rl 



fasrnta Haw {Aloe 



Slim Djck. 



ita, Willd ). 



1 II ^id suberect, 



I III uot scabrous, 



1 IT,, white dorsal tuber- 



I (influent m rather dis- 



transverse bands 



