718 HEDYSARUM 



with red, fragrant fls., crowded in axillary spikes or 

 racemes: Ivs. with 3-7 pairs of elliptic or roundish, 

 somewhat pubescent Ifts. Eu. Var. ilbum, Hort., has 

 white fls. 



AA. Fls . normally purple (varying to white). 



multijiigum, Maxim. Hardy perennial of angular, 

 straggling growth, 2-5 ft. high, very showy, and worthy 

 of general cult. Fls. violet or purplish magenta, with 

 yellow blotches, in racemes 8-18 in. long, all summer: 

 Ivs. 4-6 in. long, containing 6-12 pairs of grayish green 

 oval, small Ifts. Mongolia. Gn. 53:1170. G.C. III. 18:8, 

 U. — Of recent introduction. Very fine for rockwork. 



boreile, Nutt. (B. Americdnum, Britt.). Erect or 

 half -decumbent herb, simply or nearly so, 1-3 ft. : Ifts. 

 5-10 pairs, glabrous, oblong or oblanceolate: fls. violet- 

 purple, varying to white, the calyx teeth ovate-acute and 

 shorter than the tube. Labrador and northern N. Eng- 

 land across the continent. 



Mackfinzii, Richards. Much like the last, but some- 

 what pubescent: fls. larger, calyx teeth awl-like and 

 acuminate, and longer than the tube. Colo. N. and W. 

 L. H. B. 



HEDYSCfiPE (Greek, siceet covering). PalmAcece. 

 Umhhella Palm. This includes one of the many palms 

 known to tlio trade as a Kcntia, and resembles that 



gen 



Kentia the IN. •■n- :n-y ■.•<•:■•'•] iu I I link ^, and the ovule is 



fastened at ihr 1... i ,,: -: li :i. - iuU; in Hedyscepe 



(and its cnltivM-l li . -, l. i, ; ; :-, \'eitchia, Nenga, 

 Archontopliii-ni\, i;ii"|.:il.i i;. ii ; .-incl I Hi'tyosperma) the 

 fls. are spirally arranged in the branches of the spadix, 

 and the ovule is fastened at the side. From the allies 

 above mentioned Hedyscepe is distinguished by the 

 following characters : staminate fls. with narrowly lan- 

 ceolate sep'ds, 9-12 stimens with long filaments ; pis- 

 tillate fls w ith petaK like the sepal" and valvate at the 

 ape\ As a house plant, H Cantrtbuiyana is dwarfer 

 and mcip ^] i hng than the two Howeas, and has a 

 light r I 1 f n 



II ( \ very handsome palm is the only 



spp I I I lie genus, and, like the important 



How I 1 ( ommercial horticulture), is only 



known 1 ill L on Lord Howe s Island, where it 



\, 4ff^ 



1024 Hedyscepe Canterburyana 



IS known as the UmbielH Palm frcm tl i fnrvin;.' 

 habit of its foliage It grows at a grr il r li n i I. t Ilhi 

 the Howeas not appearin,; below the **tiu i i I ri,;tnil 

 fiomthisitm i\ 1 ( inti Titdlhat aslijhth I u ii .nii.i.i. 

 tuie IS more suii II 1 i tl i i ilm, but in a geniral w.ay 

 the same con 111 I n : tl lequired by the so-called 



Kentiaswill ^n It lii w ith this subject, namely, 



ani,;httenii i I i i i 2' F modeiate shading 



till 1 1 II il \ i I \ 1 I 1 nlj of water, and 



a 1 1 1 ' \ 1 1 I I palms respond 



fi I 1 I \ 1 iniercialpalm.fl'. 



Ctii I II \ 1 [il 1 IS jet, paitly owing 



HELENIUM 



to the higher cost of seeds and the frequently low per- 

 centage of germination, and partly from the fact that iu 

 a young state this palm is by no means a rapid grower. 

 In regard to hardiness of foliage, it is fully equal to the 

 Keiitias, and for gracefulness and symmetry of growth 

 will compare favorably with any of the commercial 

 species. In 8. Calif, it is cult, outdoors. 



Canterburyina, H. Wendl. & Drude (Khilia Canter- 

 hiirii,niii,V.UuM.). Umbkella Palm. Fig. 1024. Tall, 

 spineless palm, with a thick, stout caudex: Ivs. termi- 

 nal, dense, equally pinnatisect, the numerous segments 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate, the lower nerves recurved 

 at the base, rather remote from the margin; rachis 

 arched, recurving: spadix with a short peduncle, and 

 thickened, flexuose branches; areolae lax: fls. medium: 

 fr. ovoid, large. R.H. 1873, p.218. F.R.1:85. The illus- 

 tration (Fig. 1024) is adapted from Martius. 



Jared G. Smith and W. H. Taplin. 



HEfiEIA (.oiiiiii. ni..rative of Oswald Heer, Swiss 

 botanist). .1/ .'./.'.,:. ,i . Includes i/t(eroc^Hri-0)i. Ac- 

 cording to til.- I II' t monographer (Cogniaux, DU. 

 Monogr. I'lianrr. 7i. the genus has 6 Mexican and Cen- 

 tral Aiuericau spfcus. They are herbs or shrubs, erect 

 or prostrate, with opposite membranaceous pinnately 

 nerved (rarely 3-nerved) entire Ivs., and white, rose or 

 purple irregular fls. in panicles or rarely solitary. Not 

 to be confounded with Centradenia, which has winged 

 stems, unequal-sided Ivs. and calyx teeth small and 

 much shorter than the calyx tube. Stamens 8, very un- 

 equal, the 4 larger ones with long appendages or connec- 

 tions : ovary loculed : petals 4.— Warrahouse plants, 

 requiring the culture of Centradenia, but grown chiefly 

 for the fls., whereas Centradenias are grown also for 

 foliage. H. rdsea, Triana {Hetemc/ntron Mexicdiinm, 

 Kaud., H. rdseum, Br. it Bouch6) is the only species 

 in general cult. A foot or more high, with 4-anglcd 

 (but not winged) stem: Ivs. elliptic, obtuse or acute, 

 pinnate-nerved : fls. bright rose, iu a large, terniiiial 

 p.anicle, showy. B.M. 51GG. I. H. 3:97. Var. dlba. Hook., 

 is a wbite-fld. form. l. H. B. 



HELENldPSIS. See Ueloniopsis. 



HELfiNIUM (possibly theauthorhad in iiiin.lllflenus, 



• ••■•■' , ' ' . I'ompositce. Snke/i v' i>i 25 



i ly annual and perci ■ ' uiiig 



-'M' .. I , I .'ill early summerto laii' , > the 



l"i.:ii:i.ii ill' in eiiltivation. 8tt m en.i. i,.,ually 

 I.I :mi. l,,ii_' :i! i : l\-, alternate, narrowly to broadly 



liinr, ,,i;ii( , , III II.. ,.!■ t bed, glandular-dotted ; petiole 



iiii.l -I. Ill - iiiii.- 'Miiged: heads solitary or eoryra- 



'I'lio genus closely resembles Helianthus, but differs 

 in having elongated, often top-shaped fruits, which are 

 never compressed and are usually silky villose; while 

 the fruits of Helianthus are generally more or less 4- 

 sided and are smooth. In Helenium the receptacle is 

 naked; in Helianthus it bears paleaceous bracts, which 

 subtend the florets. 



Heleniums thrive best in a rich, moist soil, with a 

 sunny aspect, and are propagated by seeds, cuttings or 

 division. All the species are very easily grown, the only 

 serious difficulty being a white aphis which sometimes 

 attacks the roots. If plants look unhealthy they should 

 be lifted, washed with an insecticide and reset in a new 

 place. The commonest species in cult, is B.avtumnale, 

 but perhaps the most valuable species for general plant- 

 ing is i7.//oo;)csu, which is one of our earliest blooming 

 composites, and is also desirable for the border or for 

 cut-flowers, if. Hoopesii, Bolanderii and autumriale 

 will give bloom in succession from May-Oct. The first 

 two are also attractive when grown in pots, but they do 

 not flower from seed the first year, either in pots or in 

 the open. 



A. Stem and branches winged. 

 B. Disk yellow, 



autumnaie, Linn. ( TT. „r,n,din!,rum, Nutt.). Fig.1025. 

 Stem 2-6 ft. hit;Ii. i .n j]ii li, lr,,rv : Ivs. mostly toothed, 

 smooth: heads 1 i i.Minerous, borne at the 



end of short, v.i rays drooping, 3-cleft. 



lemon-yellow to n. n ..i;,iil. : .lisk yellow. July-Oct. 



