HELENIUM 



Moi&tplaces Can toFli and west to B.C. and Ariz. B.M. 

 J994 Gn 29 )J3 , 5o 1216 AG 12:682. G.C. III. 

 1(1 IS') -Very sliowv It has distinct merit for the back 

 cf 1) 1 lit IS 1 lit IS more appreciated in Europe than in 

 \mtii( I Ihtie are sevei il garden forms: var. pi>mi- 

 lum IS 1-2 tt h).,h iTtry free bloomer, and is largely 

 grown for cut tli weisin some places, rar. grandiflorum 



HELIANTHEMUM 



719 



sup^rbum are unusually 



and lirge-fld.; var. striA- 



tum has a maioonand gold disk, 



with yellow raja variously striped 



and splashed with rich crimson. 



J. H III. 31 293 This should be distinguished from 



the I 



forms of R. nudUlor 



BB. DisU broicn or purplish . 

 c. Lvs. all entire; heads solitarg or few, long-stalked. 



Bigelovii, Gray. Stem 2-3 ft. high, nearly smooth: 

 upper Its. narrow to oblong-lancsolate, lower spatulate: 

 heads commonly I'-i-iH in- broad: rays %m. long: 

 flower-stalk slender. Aug. Wet ground, Calif. S.H. 

 1:373. 



Bol&nderi, Gray. Stem 1-2 ft. high, stout, somewhat 

 pubescent : Ivs. oblong to ovate-lanceolate, the lower 

 obovate: heads commonly 3 in. wide: rays often 1 in. 

 long : flower-stalks thick, hollow. June-Sept. Low 

 ground, N.E. Calif. On. '2:1, p. ];il. R.H. 1891, p. 377.- 

 Sometimes grown as 11. iini ii,!in,iri(S. 



CO. Loiver Ivs. toothi 1 : hinds iixmerojis, corymbose, 

 short-stalked. 

 nudinarum, Nutt. Stem 1-3 ft. high, roughish, leafy: 

 lower Ivs. spatulate, toothed ; heads 1-1 J^ in. across: 

 rays wedge-shaped, drooping, yellow, brown-purple or 

 striped with both colors. July-Oct. Moist soils, N. C. 

 to Fla., west to 111. and Tex. — A garden form, var. 

 grandic^phalum striatum, has fls. over 2 in. across. 



Stem and branches not i 



iiqed. 



Hoopesii, Gray. Stem 1-3 ft. high, stout, slightly to- 

 mentose when young, but soon smooth, l>raiicliin:; ;ihove 

 into an umbel of several to many fls. : Ivs. thickish, en- 

 tire: heads usually borne singly on long stalks, com- 

 monly 3 in. wide : rays but slightly drooping ; disk 

 yellow. May-Sept. Rocky Mts.-A very fine border 

 plant, and especially valuable for cut-fls. 



46 



H. Doitffiasii, Hort. = Monolopia major.— if. tcnuifblium, 

 Nutt. Annual. A weed in the southern Atlantic and south- 

 western states. Stem 8 in. to 2 ft. high, very leafy: Ivs. thread- 

 like, entire, sessile, often whorled. Va., Fla., west to Mo. and 

 Te^- S. W. Fletcher. 



HELIANTHfiLLA (Greek, resembling Bellanthns). 

 Compisitie. Eleven species of hardy perennial herbs 

 from North Amer., witli showy yellow fls. borne in au- 

 tumn. The species described below is advertised by a 

 western dealer in native plants. Stem commonly un- 

 branched; Ivs. mosily scntit-red and sessile, linear or 

 lanceolate, c-uii;-; 1,. •■''.. ^.1:: ii\- ..i- |.\v, \\)ili \,-ll,i\v 



rajs 



IS propagated li\ --< , i\- ,,r i.y di \ !,l:iiu' ' iii^ rooi siorks. 



Heliauthella lii-)uiif.'s lu a grou|i of genera distin- 

 guished from Heli;iuthua by having the fruits laterally 

 compressed instead of thick and obtusely angled. 

 Other cultivated genera of this group are Actinomeris, 

 Encelia and Verbesina, which are distinguished from 

 one another by combinations of fruit and pappus char- 

 acters. 



quinquenSrvis, Gray. Stem 2-4 ft. high, nearly 

 smooth: Ivs. mostly opposite, 4-9 in. long: heads3-5in. 

 1 load, long-stalked, solitary or a few below in the axils 

 cf the Ivs., with an involucre of large, leafy bracts : 

 lays pale yellow, IJ^ in. long. June-Sept. Rocky Mts. 

 S. W. Fletcher. 



HELIANTHEMUM (Greek for stm flower). Cis- 

 tAteic. Rock Rose. Sun Rose. Fbostweed. Herbs or 

 subshrubs in temperate and warm climates of Old and 

 New Worlds. The species are confused, and estimates 

 of their numbers vary from 30 to more than 100. Fls. 

 opening in the sun, mostly yellow, usually in terminal 

 clusters; petals 5, soon falling; stamens many: ovary 

 imperfectly 3-locuIed, containing numerous seeds ; 

 style 1 : stems hard and more or less woody : Ivs. 

 small, linear or oblong, entire, often grayish. Helian- 

 themums are evergreens ornearly so, forming low mats 

 of herbage, and bearing a profusion of fls. in hot 

 weather. They are especially adapted for rockwork and 

 borders. They thrive in rather poor soil. Although the 

 following species are fairly hardy in the North, they 

 profit by a protection of mulch. Prop, mostly by divi- 

 sion; also by seeds and by cuttings of half-ripe wood. 

 See Cislns. Sweet's "Cistineffl" ( 1825-1830, London) is 

 the monumental work on these plants. See, also, Nich- 

 olson in Gn. 20, p. 420, for a running account of the gar- 

 den forms. 



Canad§nse, Michx. Prostweed. Diffuse, 2 ft. or 

 less high, caulescent : Ivs. oblong, linear, or oblanceo- 

 late, nearly sessile: fls. solitary or 2 together, 1 in. 

 across, bright yellow, the sepals hairy. In rocky and 

 sandy soil. Me. to N. C. and Wis. G.W.F. 29. -Sold by 

 collectors. The later axillary branches produce small 

 apetalous fls. 



ChamaeciBtus, Mill. Usually less than ] ft, tall, pro- 

 cumbent, forming mats : Ivs. linearlanoeolate or 

 broader, numerous at the base of the plant, small, hoary 

 beneath but greenand hairy above: fls. normally yellow, 

 in loose, more or less nodding racemes, on hairy pedi- 

 cels. Eu., N. Afr., W. Asia.-This is the commonly 

 cult, species, running into many forms. It is much less 

 grown in this country than in Eu. It is an excellent 

 rockwork plant. There are double-flowered forms; also 



forms with red ;iiid .■<,|,|,,i- ,■,,! I n 'n,,- I'olli.wiiig 



names occurrii.:' '.' ''• ' - -i' ■ " ■ ■ d i.. this 



species-group : :, ,,,(/, ,/ 



Wea'pJeno. w',i: ', , ,,„;;.„,,„ y,/, »„', '//,■„/„„';/,', «,'»I«j 



rhod lint hum. n: n.ii,, i, , riibjaic. 



ocymoides, I'rrs. (]I. Ahiam'nse, Dun. Cistns Al- 

 garvi'iixi. Sims). Slinib, 2-:; ft,, twiggy, nearly erect, 

 hoary-pubesceut: Ivs. opiiosite. linear-oblong or spatu- 

 late, the tips recurved: fls. bright yellow with a purple 

 eye, IK in. across, in corymbose clusters. Spain and 

 Portugal. B.M. 5621. — Little known in this country. 

 Hardy in England. 



formdsum. Dun. (Cistus formdsus, Curt.). Spread- 

 ing, much-branched, tomentose, but becoming nearly or 

 quite glabrous with age : Ivs. elliptic to lance-ohovate. 



