722 



HELIANTHUS 



attractive foliage, which is not at all coarse. A well 

 grown plant will produce spikes of fls. nearly i ft. long. 



5. angustifdlius, Linn. Swamp Sl-.\flower. Stem 

 2-6 ft. high, simple or branching above, sliKhtly rough: 

 Ivs. 2-7 in. long, somewhat tufted, drooping, with rolled 

 edges, smooth or slightly rough: fls. 2-3 in. wide, few 

 or solitary. Aug.-Oct. Wet land, N. Y. to Fla., west to 

 Ky. and Tex. B.M. 2051. 



6. rigidus, Desf. {B. Missouri^nsis, Sehwein.). St. 

 1-3 ft. high (rarely 5-8 ft.), strict, sparingly branched, 

 rough or hairy: Ivs. 6-12 in. long, oblong to ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, firm, thick, rough-hairy, entire or slightly 

 toothed: fls. 2}<;-4 in. wide, showy, long-stalked; rays nu- 

 merous, about IH in. long; disk sometimes yellow at 

 first, turning brown. Aug.-Oct. Mich, to Tex. and west 

 to Col. B.R. 6:508 (naff, atrornbens). B.M. 2020 {&sS. 

 difhisus). B.M.2668 (a.a ff. atrorubens). Gn.27,p.68.- 

 After R. decapetalus this species is one of the best 

 perennial Sunflowers. It varies under cultivation chiefly 

 in the direction of doubling and in lengthening the 

 blooming period. Some of the best garden varieties 

 are aestivalis, grandifldrus, semi-plenus and Miss Hel- 

 lish. 



7. atrfirubens, Linn. Piirple-disk Sunflower. St. 

 2-5 ft. high : Ivs. usually thin, sometimes hoary be- 

 neath : fls. about 2 in. across; rays few (10 to 16), 

 rarely over 1 in. long; disk dark red. Otherwise like 

 S. riiiidus, to which it is inferior. Va. to Ma., west to 

 Ohio and La. 



8. laevigatua, Torr. & Gray. Stem 2-5 ft., simple or 

 branched above: Ivs. H-G in. long, lanceolate, smooth, 

 entire or slightly toothed : fls. I-IH in. broad, few or 

 solitary; rays 6-10, usually less than 1 in. long. Aug.- 

 Oct. Va. to N. C. 



9. strumosuB, Linn. St. 3-7 ft. high, usually branch- 

 ing, often glaucous: Ivs, 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, 

 rough above, entire or toothed : fls. 2M-4 in. across; 

 rays 8-15, 1-1 K in, long. July-Sept. Open woods. Can. 

 to Ga. and west to Wis. and Ark. Var. m611is, Torr. 

 & Gray. Lvs. downy beneath. B.M. '3Gii9 {as ff. mollis, 

 Lam.). 



HELIANTHUS 



rough above: fls. many, cymose, 1-3 in. broad. Aug.- 

 Oct. Pa. toMo., south to Tex. — Passes into i/^.(/iV/a)i(iHS. 

 11. decapetalus, Linn. Stem 2-5 ft. high, branched 

 above: lvs. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, sharply ser- 

 rate, thin, rough above, finely pubescent beneath : fls. 

 2-3 in. across, numerous; rays 

 generally more than 10, in spite 

 of the specific name. July-Sept. 

 Moist soils, Quebec to Ga., west to 

 Mich, and Ky. G. C. II. 16:601.- 

 Under cult, it has given rise to the 

 horticultural var. multi!16rus (H. 

 miiltiflHiii.i.Hort.). Fig.1028. B.M. 



227. G.C. J 



lu: 



pp. 71, 74; 45. p. 373. Gt. 43, p. 554. 

 Gng. 3:83. F.R. 2:413. The many 

 garden forms of var. niulliftorus 

 differ mainly in the extent of doub- 

 ling, season of blooming, habit of 

 plant and size of fl. Among the 

 best are: Var. fldre pleno and var. 

 grandiSldrus, almost completely 

 double; var. mijor, fls. larger than 

 common; var. miximus, very huge, 

 single fls. with pointed rays; Soliel 

 d'Or, with quilled florets, like a 

 Cactus Dahlia. Multiflorus varie- 

 ties ar( 

 nial 



vedly so. If the double forms 

 are grown on poor soil, or are 

 allowed to remain for several 

 years without being divided, 

 they become single. 



12. dlvarlcitus, Linn. Fig. 

 1029. Stem 1-6 ft. high: lvs. 

 sessile, rough above, pubes- 

 cent beneath, standing out 

 nearly at right angles to the 

 stem : fls. few or solitary, 2 in. 

 Dry woodlands. Can. to Fla., west to Ne 



13. gigantSus, Linn. Indian Potato. Stem 3-12 ft. 

 high, stout: lvs. 3-7 in. long, lanceolate, very rough, 

 serrate or nearly entire : fls. usually several, lH-3 in. 

 broad, mostly long-stalked; rays 10-20, barely 1 in. 

 long, cupped, pale yellow : seeds smooth. Aug.-Oct. 

 Wet ground. Can. to Fla., west to Neb. B.M. 7555. D. 

 165. — Var. subtuberdsus, Bourgeau. A northern form 

 with unusually fleshy roots, ^vhich were formerly col- 

 lected by Indians for ton. I. Ilince "Indian Potato." 



14. Maximiliani, s,lii;i,l. Si, in generally 2-4 ft. high, 

 sometimes 8-10: l\ s. iTirliina to be trough-shaped : fls. 

 on short, densely pubescent jieduncles; rays 15-30, gen- 

 erally 1% in. long, deep yellow. Otherwise like B. <ji- 

 (/roi^eiis, of which it is probably the western form. Aug.- 

 Oct. Dry plains, west of Mississippi river. 



15. tuberdBUS, Linn. Jerusalem Artichoke. Stem 

 5-12 ft., branched above, lvs. 4-8 in., usually ovate, 

 acuminate, serrate, rough above, finely pubescent be- 

 neath: fls. several or numerous, 2-3 in. across ; rays 

 12-20: seeds pubescent. Gn. 27:68. B.M. 7545. -Fre- 

 quently cultivated tor its edible tubers. See Artichoke, 

 JerusaUm. 



16. doronicoides. Lam. Stem 3-7 ft. high : lvs. 4-8 in. 

 long, ovate oblong, narrowed towards both ends, rough 

 on both sides : fls. numerous, in loose panicles ; r:)ys 

 12-20, broad. Otherwise as B. latifolius. Aug., Sept. 

 Dry soils, Ohio to Mo. B.M. 2778 (as H. pttbescens). 



17. mailis, Lam. Stem 2-5 ft. high, stout, very leafy, 

 hoary villose, at least when young : lvs. 3-5 in. long, 

 oviite-lanceolate, white-pubescent or rough on upper 

 si<le: fls. solitary or few, 2-3 in. broad ; rays 15-25. 

 .Tuly-Sept. Barren soils, Ohio to Ga., west to la. and 

 Tex. Gn. 55:1212. 



18. piimilus, Nutt. Stem rough and hairy throughout : 

 lvs. only 5-7 pairs, 1-4 in. long, ovate-lanceolate : fls. 

 few, short-peduncled. Eastern Rocky Mts. and adjacent 

 plains. 



19. IsetifldruB, Pcrs. Showy Sunfower. Stem 4-8 ft. 

 high, leafy: lvs. 4-10 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, more or 

 less serrate, rough on both sides: fls. several. 2-4 in. 



