HELIANTHUS 



broad, sbort-peduDcled ; rays 15-25, about IK in. long, 

 sliowy. Prairies, Ind., 111., Wis. Gn. i5:l)G0. G.M. 

 3l:2M.-A desirable Helianthus. Tbe garden form H. 

 semipleiins is better than the type. Resembles tall-grow- 

 ing forms of a. riijidiis. but disk yellow. 



20. CaliJ6micus, DC. Stem 3-8 ft. high. Ivs. lanceo- 

 late, rough on both sides: lis. loosely paniculate. Calif. 

 -Most of the plants grown under this name are a gar- 



HELICODICEROS 



723 



. forii 



heads small and numerous, white.-Cult. in S. Calif, by 

 Franceschi. Australia; sometimes grows 20 ft. high. 

 AA. Lvx. ovate or broader : border and vase plant. 

 petiolatum, DC. (O-naphillitim lan&titm, Hort.). 

 Tender perennial, cult, for its long, woolly stems and 

 woolly Ivs., either as an edging in ribbon borders or as 



21. hirsdtus, Rat. Stem 2-1 ft. high, densely hairy: 

 Its. ovate-lanceolate, thick, very rough, pubescent and 

 pale beneath: Hs. several, 2-3 in. across. July-Oct. 

 Dry soils, Pa. to Ga., west to Wis. and Texas. 



22. tracheliMiua, Mill. Resembles strumosus, but 

 stem and fl. -stalks usually rough-hairy and Ivs. thinner, 

 green on both sides. Aug., Sept. Dry soil. Pa. to Wis. 



S. W. Fletcher. 

 HELICHRtSUM (Greek for sun and gold; referring 

 to the flower heads). Compositce. Syu. , Jilichri/SHm. 

 Nearly 300 Old World herbs or shrubs, mostly African 

 and Australian. Some of them are grown for everlast- 

 ings, being, with Heliptetnm, amongst the most impor- 

 tant plants for that purpose. Easily grown as hardy 

 annuals in any garden soil. Fls. of two kinds, the out- 

 ermost ones with pistils only: involucre dry and chaff- 

 like, the stiff overlapping scales glabrous, often colored: 

 heads large, terminating the branches, normally yellow, 

 but now varying into many colors in long-cultivated 



A. Zvs. oblong or narroiv ; grown for everlastings. 



B. Heads large, solitary. 

 bracteitum, Andr. Fig. 1030. Stout annual, lK-3 ft. 

 tall, somewhat branched, the terete stems nearly or 

 quite glabrous : Ivs. many and rather large, oblong-lan- 

 ceolate, narrowed to a short petiole, entire, green: 

 heads terminating the branches, l-2>^ in. across, yellow 

 or orange, the short and obtuse involucre-scales imbri- 

 cated. Australia. — Perhaps the most important single 

 everlasting fl. grown in this country, particularly for 

 bold or heavy design work. It is very variable, particu- 

 larly in color. The heads are pure white in var. Album, 

 Hort. ill. (ilbum.Rort. H. niveiim. Grab. B.M. 3857); 

 scales tipped with red in var. bicolor, Hort. (JSIiclirijsum 

 bicolor, Lindl. B.R. 21 :18U) ; dark scarlet in var. atro- 

 cocoineum, Hort. (H. atrocoeriiieum.'HoTt.); dark blood- 

 red in var. atrosanguineum, Hort. {ff. atrosanguineuw. 

 Hort,). The forms with very large heads are often 

 known as ff. marrdiithum, Hort. The double forms are 

 often known as H. monstrostim, Hort. Other portraits 

 of this species will be found in B.R. 24:58. R.H. 

 1851:101. 



BB. Meads medium to small, in clusters. 

 0. Color yelloiv or orange. 

 arenftrium, DC. A foot or less high, herbaceous: Ivs. 

 plane, white-woolly, the lower ones oblong-obovate and 

 long-attenuated into a petiole, the upper ones linear-lan- 

 ceolate and acute: heads globular, in compact little co- 

 rymbs, bright yellow. Perennial, in sand, France.— Ap- 

 parently not cult, in this country. See Everlasting. 



orientals, Gfertn. {OnaphUlium orientdle, Linn.). 

 Stem simple, 1)4 ft. or less tall: Ivs. oval-oblong to lan- 

 ceolate, obtuse, sessile, r.ather small: heads brieht yel- 

 low, small, globular, in corymbs. S.Eu. toAsiaMinor.- 

 Much cult, in Mediterranean regions, but little known 

 in this country. 



apicuiatum, D. Don. Perennial, 1-2 ft., tomentose, 

 leafy below: Ivs. lance-spatulate, the base more or less 

 spatulate: heads }i in. across, in small heads or clus- 

 ters, orange-yellow, the scales sharp-pointed. Australia. 

 — Little known in this country. 



CO. Color wliite or nearly so. 

 grandiSldrum, Less. Perennial, somewhat woody, de- 

 cumbent at the base : Ivs. crowded near the base, ses- 

 sile, obovate to oval or oblong, obtuse, woolly on both 

 sides : heads hemispherical, in corymbose clusters, 

 glossy, cream-color, Min. across. S. Afr. 



diosmaefdlium, Sweet. Tall, upright: Ivs. very small, 

 narrow-linear ( Min. or less long), the margins revolute: 



an ornament in lawn vases : Ivs. petiolate, ovate and 

 broad at the base, obtuse : heads (not often seen in 

 cult.) in branched cymes, the involucre scales obtuse, 

 cream-white. S. Afr.-An old garden plant. Prop, by- 

 cuttings from stock plants carried over winter. 



L. H. B. 

 HELICdDEA. See Billbergla. 



n^-LICOViCETLOS {Greek, spirally 2-horned). Ariteeie. 

 The extraordinary plant shown in Fig. 1031 is known as 

 the "Hairy Arum" and sold by the bulb dealers as J. ram 

 crinilitm. When in flower it has a disgusting odor, 

 1 carrion flies and bright green insects, as 

 5 the plant itself. The plant is the only spe- 

 genus, the hairiness of the spadix being a 

 ct character. Helicodiceros and Dracunculus 

 1 having few ovules, which are fastened at the 

 nd bottom of the cell, but in the latter the stami- 

 na'te and pistillate fls. are close together, while in the 

 former they are separated by a sterile portion. Arum 

 differs from both genera in having the ovules fastened 

 in 2 series at the side of the cell. The Ivs. of Arum are 

 spear- or arrow-shaped, while ill the other two they are 

 pedatelycut. Latest monoirraph in Latin by Engler in 

 D.n. Mon. Phan.2:r.04 (1879). 



This plant is worth growing once, since it is one of 

 the great curiosities of horticulture. It may be secured 



uncanny i 

 cies in it 

 very disti 

 arealike 



