HOSACKIA 



west American plants. The genus contains about 30 spe- 

 cirs, nil Amiriran and almost wholly confined to the Pa- 

 cili-- ^l"|H-. llrih-;orrarely subshrubs: Ivs. pinnate, with 

 2 1" many 111-,: stipules minute and gland-like, rarely 

 M-aiiMiis (If ltat'\ : tls. yellow or reddish, in axillary um- 

 bels which are peduncled or not. The genus is closely 

 related to Lotus, but the calyx teeth are shorter than 

 the tube: keel obtuse: lv.s. usually with numerous Ifts., 

 none of which are like stipules, while Lotus has calyx 

 lobes usually longer than the tube, a rostrate keel and 

 5 or 4 Ifts., of which 2 or 1 are stipule-like. 



The 2 species first mentioned belong to a section in 

 which the pods are shortly acute, linear, many-seeded, 

 straight, glabrous: fls. and fr. not reflexed : peduncles 

 long. The third species lielongs to a section in which 

 the pods are long-attenuate upwards, incurved, pubes 

 cent : peduncles short or none: tls. and fr. reflexed. 

 Monogr. by Watson in But. Calif. 1:133. 



crassifdlia, Benth. Stout, 2-3 ft. high, nearly gla 

 brous : Ifts. 9-15, thickish : stipules scarious, small 

 bract below the umbel : calyx teeth short : pod thick, 

 lis. greenish yellow or purplish. B.R. 23:1977. 



bicolor, Dougl. Glabrous: Ifts. 5-9: stipules scarious, 

 small : bract usually none or .small : calyx teeth half as 

 long as the tube : pod slender : fls. yellow, the wings 

 often white. B.M. 2913. 



deciimbens, Benth. Silky or woolly, with appressed 

 hairs: stems ascending, I ft. or more long: stems her 

 baceoust Ifts. S-7 : umbels less dense: stipules gland 

 like: pods pubescent. y^^ jj_ 



HOTBEDS. These are low glass structures that are 

 generally lu-at.cl In ferm. iiting vegetable substances 

 such as stal)!'- iiianur''. aithoughfire heat is occasionally 

 applied, steam, h.it wat.r and flues being used. Theii 

 usual place is some spot sloping to the south, where 

 they are protected by buildings, evergreen screens or 

 board fences, from the north and west winds (Fig. 1096) 

 The frames are made either of plank or boards and may 

 be portable, or built in place, the former being taken 

 down and packed away except when needed. A tight 

 board fence 6 feet high, as a wind-break, is desirable 

 as it will also serve as a support for the shutters, mats 

 and sash when they are removed from the bed, and it 

 will answer best for this purpose if it inclmes a foot oi 

 so to the north. 



When movable frames (Fig. 1097) are used they are 

 generally constructed of 2-inch plank, the side pieces 



/All/;^ 



HOTBEDS 



773 



but taper from 15 inches at one end to 9 or 10 at the 

 other, so as to fit the side boards. The plank for por- 

 table Hotbed frames may be held in place by means of 

 stakes, or iron rods or bolts may be fastened to the ends 

 of the side pieces so that they can pass through the 

 holes in the ends of the frame, which can then be fas- 

 tened by keys or nuts. As supports for the sash and to 

 hold the sides of the frame in place, cross-strips of 



1097. Hotbed v, 1 1 mo able frame 



board 3 inches wi le are sunk mto the upper edge every 

 3 feet and -vn ther strip with a width equal to the thick- 

 ness of the SI h 1 fastened on edge ti the center of 

 its SI le Frames of this size re luiie i lighth deeper 

 mass of heating material than \ 11 I i ly for 



larger frames and when they ai t I 1 I iig the 



winter it is well to excavate t tl I | I feet, 



and for a space 2 feet lruf,cr u 1 1 I 1 ti ime, 



and after the hole has 1 til 1 1 i t nil, 



the material should le II t i 1 I II ti uue 



IS put in place and mi I I 1 I t it 



ioT permanent frani i 11 II I m > be 

 used although 2 inch 1 1 mk \ ill I 1 a 1 t u more 

 durable Stout stakes should be dm en into the ground 

 about 4 feet apart, where the north line of the led is to 

 be located These shoul 1 project above the surface from 

 12 to 1) lucl es and should be boarded up from a point 

 lust II ti 1 It the ground so thit the stakes 

 I le of the frame A second row of 

 11 liiven at a distance from the first 



II h (f the sash \\hi h is usuall> 6 

 I I I tl It i 1 The 



will 



row 

 feet 

 soutl 

 that 



\all. 



be t I I 1 aids 



out I > to 



the t I t tl I t 1 use, 



3 or 4 stir ii i i h il 1 1 e i i al over 



this The frame shoul 1 be placed about 3 feet from the 

 fence and f other rjws are needed theie should be 

 alleys about 7 feet wi le 1 t\\ tn th 1 1 



Hotbed Stsh -The I I I f i 1 most 



sat factory for Hctl I when 



larger than this the\ 11 I t \ one 



man Wh le pme an 1 I i I used; 



cypress is generally pret ii I it i n ith in re dur- 

 able and costs but little it any more than clear pme. 

 The sides and upper ends of the sash are made from 

 by IK inch strips, grooved to receive the glass, while 

 the lower end is about 1 by 5 inches. The center strips 

 are 1 bv 1 inches. For glazing Hotbed sash, single 



treno-th 1 by 12 glass is commonly used, as three rows 

 of tl s ze will fill a sash 3 feet wide. While double- 



treu th g ass will be less easily broken, the increased 

 e "ht s an cl lectiou to its use The sash should re- 



e ve two oats ef paint and after the gliss win h may 

 I e e ther lapped or butted has been set it should be 



X 



being from 9 to 1" feet an 1 the en Is 6 feet n length to 

 receive either three or four ordinary sash, which are 

 3 by B feet. The north side of the frame is made 15 

 inches wide, while the south side is but 9 or 10 inches 

 thus giving a slope to the south, which will permit the 

 water to run off and favor the passage of the sun's rays 

 through the glass. The end pieces are 6 feet in length 



b> ke 

 IT 



the 1 



> o hei in iteuals y ulte 1 i i it hlk 1 with com- 

 . wool are very warm and quite d liable During 

 :er wooden shutters aie also desiialle to place 

 3 mats IS the\ assist m holding the heat and 

 tl I r li 1 1 III pieserving them 

 1/ n ? -To provide heat for 



ill 1 1 t t tl w IS not desirable the 



