842 



JACOBINIA 



AAA. F!s. scattered or in loose more or less leafy pani- 

 cles: of medium length, straight or nearly so, 

 not deeply cleft. {Subgenus Z/ibonia.) 



pauclfldra, Benth. & Hook. {SericigrapMs panciflira, 

 Nees. Libdnia floribunda, C. Koch). A common con- 

 servatory plant, subshrubby, but usually treated as a 

 pot-plant, with terete, short-jointed, close pubescent 

 branches : Ivs. elliptic or elliptic-oblong, short and 

 rather small, entire, very short-stalked : lis. 1 in. long, 

 tubular, drooping or nearly horizontal, scarlet with 

 yellow at the end, the lips short. Brazil.— A most florif- 

 erous plant, almost as easy to grow as a fuchsia, and 

 to be handled in essentially the same way. 



Penrhosi^nsis {TAbfmia Penrlwsifnsis, Carr.). Fig. 

 1190. Jliirh liko the last, but Ivs. more pointed and Hs. 

 largeraiHl hl.tx' sl.owv. K.H. Is7ii:r,0. (Jnf,'. 2: l.a.-lt 

 is am<,si ,-N,.,.ll,.„t plant, and is takini; the" ,,la,-e of J. 

 pauciflor.i. It is livhriil cf ,/. ,.,iucifl.n;, and J. Ohiiss- 

 brechtiana. Ai]"th.iaii.l v.ry similar hyl.rid c,f the same 

 parentage is S' rlr^,}^,nii<i i^ftwr, Lindl. & Andr^. I.H. 

 22:198. J. Prinii.js,, »,s(,s is a winter bloomer, a little 

 earlier than J. /.n uni'h'ni . Cuttings struck in spring 

 make full 'bloomini,' s\il.i..-ts I)y fall and early winter. 

 This and J. pauei flora are common conservatory plants. 



Ghiesbreghtiina, Benth. & Hook. {Cyrtanthera 

 6hiesbreghliana,\)ecne. SerieigraphisGhiesbreghtiUna, 

 Nees. Juslicia Gheishreghtii\n<i, Lem. Apheldndra 

 Ghieshreijhtiilna, Hort.). Lvs. narrower (lance-ovate) 

 and longer, acuminate : fls. in a terminal, very loose 

 panicle, tubular, scarlet, appearing at the same season 

 as those oiJ. Penrhosiensis. Mex. P.S. 4:339.-Introd. 

 by Ghiesbreght; but when the plant was transferred to 

 the genus Jacobinia the name was misspelled Ghies- 

 brechtiana. 



J. lAndeni. Nichols. (Justicia Lindeni, Houll.), is a Mexican 

 siibshnib, with lance-ovate lvs., and a fascicled head of orange- 

 yellow fls. Does not appear to be in the Amer. trade. R.H. 

 1870:230. L. H. B. 



JACOB'S LADDER. Polemonium caruleum. 

 JACOB'S STAFF. Fouquieria splendens. 



JACQUEM6NTIA (after Victor Jacquemont, a French 

 naturalist; died 1832). Convolvul&cew. About 50 spe- 

 cies of tropical and subtropical twining herbs, allied to 

 Ipomoea and Convolvulus, to which they are inferior for 

 garden culture. They are distinguished from Ipomoea 

 by having two stigmas instead of one; and from Con- 

 volvulus by having the stigmas ovate or oblong instead 

 of linear-filifoi-m to subulate. /. violacea makes an at- 

 tractive greenhouse climber for summer and autumn 

 flowering, but is not as desirable for this purpose as 

 several species of Ipomoea, It is apt to become leggy 

 after a few years. Propagated readily by seeds or cut- 

 tings. For other botanical characters and cultural di- 

 rections, see Ipomaa. 



violacea, Choisy (('..;/..■.'" /:. , './.'/..i .. .lacq.). 

 Stem perennial, somewh , .1 n . . iiiiiig6-8 



ft., pubescent or nearly l :ii > i. : I . ■ : ; >i. i., i.vate- 

 lanceolate, acuminate: i".liiii<l, - ^1. nl. r. In .u ms; 5-12 



short-funnelform, sharply 5-angled, rich violet-blue. 

 June-Sept. Trop. Amer., and as far north as Fla. B.M. 

 2151. B. 4:197. P.M. 0:219. In var. canfiscens, Hort. 

 {J. canescens, Benth.), the whole plant is covered with 

 short, brownish down. B.R. 33:27. 



tamnifdlia, Griseb. Plant annual, usually low and 

 erect, at length twining if support is near, covered with 

 tawny yellow hairs: lvs. cordate, ovate, long-petioled: 

 peduncles bearing many fls. in dense, involucrate clus- 

 ters: fls. less than % in. long, violet. Cult, and waste 

 ground, S. C. to Ark., and southward. 



S. W. Fletcher. 



JACaUiNIA (Nicholas Joseph de Jacquin, 1727-1817, 

 distinguished botanical painter and writer, who painted 

 many West Indian plants from nature). Myrsin&eem. 

 About 20 species of tropical American trees and shrubs, 

 one of which is called Bracelet Wood in the West Indies, 

 because the brown and yellow shiny seeds are made into 

 bracelets. It is a low tree, with evergreen lvs. some- 



JASMINUM 



what like box but obovate, and racemes of small, white, 

 honey-scented fls. which in the North under glass would 

 be borne in winter. It seems to be cult, only in S. Fla. 

 and S. Calif, outdoors. Generic characters are lvs. 

 rigid, margined, entire: fls. white or orange, borne in 

 racemes, umbels or singly ; corolla 5-fld, wheel- to sal- 

 ver-shaped, crowned at the throat and between the lobes 

 with 5 roundish appendages (staminodia): berry 

 leathery, several-seeded. In the allied genus Thco- 

 phrasta the corolla is cylidrical, shortly 5-lobed, the ap- 

 pendages are fastened at the base of the corolla instead 

 of the throat, and the berry is many-seeded. 



armilliris, Linn. Lvs. cuneate-spatulate or obovate, 

 blunt, revolute at the margin, usually whorled, 4 in. 

 long, I'b in. wide: berry % in. thick. W. Indies. 



JAMBOLAN. Eugenia Jambolana. 



JAMBOS. See Eugenia Jambos. 



jAMfiSIA (after its discoverer. Dr. Kdwin James, 

 17U7-lH(il, botanical explorer of the Rocky Mountains). 

 Syo., Eilivinia. SaxifrugiLceie. Low, hardy shrub of up- 

 right habit, with deciduous, opposite, petioled, serrate 

 lvs., and white fls. in terminal, short panicles. Hand- 

 some shrub for borders of shrubberies or rocky slopes 

 in sunny situations, thriving in any well drained garden 

 soil, best in a peaty and sandy one. Prop, by seeds or 

 by cuttings of ripened wood. One species in the Rocky 

 Mountains from Utah to New Mex. Lvs. without stip- 

 ules: calyx lobes and petals 5: stamens 10: styles usu- 

 ally 3: fr. a 3-celled, many-seeded, dehiscent capsule. 



Americina, Torr. & Gr. Shrub, to 4 ft. : Ivs. broadly 

 ovate to oblong-ovate, acute, serrate, dentate, pubescent 

 or almost glabrous above, whitish tomentose beneath, 

 J<-2 in. long: fls. about yi in. across, white, sometimes 

 pinkish outside. June. B. M. 6142. J. H. III. 32:37. 

 Gn. 32, p. 522, and 33, p. 606. Alfred Rehder. 



JAMESTOWN WEED is Datura Stramoniiim. 



JAMROSADE. See Eugenia Jambos. 



JARRAH. Eucalyptus marginata. 



JASIONE (ancient name of no application to this 

 plant). Campanulacece. This includes the Shepherd's 

 Scabious, a hardy herbaceous perennial plant of com- 

 pact habit, about a foot high, and bearing globose heads 

 2 inches in diameter, composed of very many light blue 

 flowers. It is of easy culture in any garden soil, grows 

 cither in full sunlight or partial shade, and is equally 

 adapted for borders, edgings, or the rockery. The 

 common annual Scabious belongs to the teasel family, 

 and has 4 stamens, while the Shepherd's Scabious has 

 5 stamens. Jasione has about 12 species, mostly Euro- 

 pean, and is easily distinguished from its allies by the 

 fls. being borne in a head with an involucre, the corolla 

 cut into 5 awl-shaped strips, and the anthers somewhat 

 united at their bases. They differ widely in duration 

 and habit. Prop, by division and seed. 



perfinnis, Lam. Shepherd's Scabious. Sheep 

 Scabious. Sheep's-bit. Stem erect, sparingly if at 

 all branched : root-Ivs. obovate, in the non-floriferous 

 plants forming a tufted rosette ; stem-lvs. oblong-linear, 

 entire: peduncles long, leafless: bracts ovate, serrate- 

 dentate. July, Aug. B.R. 6:505. B.M. 2198. 



J. B. Keller and W. M. 



JASMINUM (Arabic name). Oledcem. Jasmine. 

 Jessamine. Climbing or erect shrubs, of more than 100 

 species in warm regions of the Old World. Fls. fra- 

 grant; corolla yellow or white (sometimes reddish out- 

 side), salver-shaped, the 4-9 lobes convolute in the bud, 

 much exceeding the calyx; .stamens 2, included in the 

 corolla tube: ovary 2-loculed, with a single erect ovule 

 in each looule, becoming in fr. a twin berry: Ivs. pin- 

 nate, but sometimes reduced to 1 Ift. (petiole jointed). 

 Jasmines are of diverse horticultural groups. Some of 

 them are hardy in the middle and southern states, 

 whereas others are winter-flowering warmhouse plants. 

 Most of them are known as coolhouse or temperate- 

 house shrubs, of half-climbing habit. They are all of 



