LANDSCAPE GARDENING 



Whether there should be greenhouses or not cannot 

 be discussed here on account of the limits of this article. 

 It may simply be said that with the greater variety of 

 flowering trees and shrubs which we have to choose from, 

 is well as the thousands of hardy, flowering, herbaceous 

 plants, most beautiful effects can be produced without 

 the expense, the continual labor and the bare beds more 

 than half the year, which would follow the construction 

 of greenhouses. Usually the selection for planting of 

 material found growing in the adjacent country will help 

 to produce satisfactory results with little expenditure 

 of money and time. To prevent intrusion, a fence along 

 the boundary of the cemetery is necessary, but this can 

 be a simple inexpensive wire fence, .serving in places as 

 a support for vines, and in places being hidden by a 

 belt of trees and shrubbery. No one would now make 

 the cemetery dreary by confining the planting to spruces 



LANDSCAPE GARDENING 



881 



a meeting of the Association of American Cemetery 

 Superintendents, held at Boston, in 1890, the following 

 rules were recommended by a unanimous vote of those 

 in attendance : 



Rule 1 : (This should be a general rule, stating the 

 authority and conditions on which lots are sold and the 

 restrictions on transfers. The rule, of course, would 

 have to be varied according to conditions existing in 

 each cemetery.) 



Rule 2 : The Trustees desire to leave the improve- 

 ments of lots, as far as possible, to the taste of the 

 owners ; but, in justice to all, they reserve the right, 

 given them by law, to exclude or remove from any lot 

 any headstone, monument or other structure, tree, plant 

 or other object whatever which may conflict with the 

 regulations, or which they shall consider injurious to 

 the general appearance of the grounds ; but no trees 



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1235 



and weeping willows. On the contrary, every effort is 

 made to secure bright, cheerful effects by the selection 

 of all kinds of flowering, happy-looking plants. The 

 modern cemetery becomes in fact a sort of arboretum. 

 It includes some evergreens which are most suitably 

 grouped along the boundary belt, and which should con- 

 tain all kinds of hardy pines, as well as the more stiff 

 and formal spruces. The planting of Norway spruces 

 has in many places been overdone. The development of 

 attractive landscapes in cemeteries is of so much im- 

 portance that Jlr. Strauch, who was the greatest ceme- 

 tery designer that we have had, used to call the present 

 methoil "the landscape lawn plan." 



A good landscape in the cemetery is usually the result 

 of years of growth. It must flrst be carefully designed, 

 and then receive care and attention from some one 

 familiar and in sympathy with the scheme adopted. To 

 insure such attention, and to protect the interest of all 

 lot-owner«. as well as to maintain the dignity and char- 

 acter of a citv of the dead, rules have been adopted by 

 all leading cemeteries. These rules are the result of 

 study and experience on the part of many men. At 



growing within any lot shall be removed or trimmed 

 without the consent of the Trustees. 



Rule 3 : Lot-owners may have planting or other work 

 done on their lots at their expense, upon application to 

 the Superintendent. No workmen other than employees 

 of the cemetery will be admitted to the cemetery except 

 for the purpose of setting stone-work. 



Rule 4 ; No iron- or wire-work, and no seats or vases 

 will be allowed on lots, excepting by permission of the 

 Trustees, and when any article made of iron begins to 

 rust, the same shall be removed from the cemetery. 



Rule 5: The Trustees desire to encourage the planting 

 of trees and shrubbery, but, in order to protect the rights 

 of all and to secure the best general results, they require 

 that such planting shall be done only in accordance with 

 the directions of the Superintendent of the cemetery. 



Rule 6 : No coping, nor any kind of enclosure, will be 

 permitted. The boundaries of lots will be marked by 

 corner-stones, which will be set by the cemetery, at the 

 expense of the lot-owner, with the centers upon the lines 

 bounding the lot. Corner-stones must not project above 

 the ground and must not be altered nor removed. 



