886 LARIX 



practiced. Nine spKciea in the colder regions of the 

 north' in Im f: i-im !.■. Stamimite tis. small, globose to 

 oblmiu II, i.Hting of numerous short-stalked, 



sijiriill I iiiilicrs; pistillate fls. larger, consist- 



ing ■ a -.1 ill "i iiiiuicroua scales, with 2 naked ovules 

 at tlic lia.^i. i.i.li ociilu borne in the axil of amuch longer 

 bract; cone with woody, 2-seeded scales, persistent on 

 the axis; seeds with large, thin wings, ripening the first 

 year- Alfred Rehder. 



The European Larch is an upright, conical grower, 

 and one of our best lawn trees. In the spring, when it 

 is covered with its new growth of soft, feathery, light 

 green foliage, it is a very striking and beautiful object. 

 As it begins growth at a low temperature, it is the first 

 of our trees to be covered with new foliage. Again in the 

 autumn it is very beautiful, as its needles turn a golden 

 color before falling, for this tree, unlike most of the 

 conifers, is deciduous after the first 

 year. In the middle West and along 

 the coast in Massachusetts, it is 

 planted for timber, shelter belts 

 and wind-breaks. Unlike its Amer- 

 ican relative, L. Americana, or 

 Tamarack, this tree grows on hi,i;h 

 ground and does well on a great va- 

 riety of soils. It does not do well ' ,,• ^^ 

 on low, submerged ground, the v 

 home of i. Americana. The Larch 

 is known in Europe as one of the most durable woods. 

 It does not ignite easily, neither does it splinter, and the 

 wood was in great demand for these reasons for battle- 

 ships before the ironclads displaced the wooden ships. 



The Larch stands transplanting well, but this must 

 be done very early in the spring, before new growth 

 begins. The seed is so«-n in beds of finely prepared 

 soil, about the middle of May, and either raked in or 

 covered very lightly by hand, not to exceed one-eighth 

 of an inch. It is usually .sown in beds 4 feet wide. As 

 soon as it fferminates it is shaded with lath frames, 

 raised nl.ont in iiiciie^ iii.nve tlie lie.l. The first year it 

 rnake^ :. 'i.:iiili III rr.-iii ■' ii. 1 111. Ill .. ;ind holds its fo- 



liaiTiM'. .:'.i i i I III- of hay or straw 



shouM " !ii ■ ■ ■ ■il lings as soon as 



winter -i I- ill. 1 1. pill I 11 1 111.- -I . Jlin-^ I. eing thrown out 

 by contiiuial freezing and thawiiiLr. The frames are put 

 on again to hold the snow. During the following sum- 

 mer the frames should be removed entirely. At two 

 years old they will be from G to 20 inches in height, and 

 can then be moved to nursery rows or planted out per- 

 manently in the forest. The seeds should be sown 

 thicker than other conifer seed, as seldom over 60 per 

 cent germinate. Sometimes they make very little up- 

 ward growth the first and second years after trans- 

 side shoots ill mill r 111 -|iri Ml! .nil iiml ^limlr tlie ground 

 over their ro.it>, ;i m-iwin r.ill.iw cl In nil ilir conifers 



on hot, sandy snil. 'I'lii^ liiin^ linaily a iiiplished, 



they will make a rapiil upward growth. 



Thos. H. Douglas. 



A. Bracts longer than the scales; scales numerous, 

 stiff, spreading or recurved after maturity. 



oocidentaiis, Nutt. Tall tree, to 150 ft., with dark- 

 colored bark, becoming bright cinnamon-red on older 

 trunks, and with short, horizontal branches, forming a 

 narrow pyramidal head: branchlets puluMi tiI when 

 young: Ivs. rigid, sharply pointed, trian-nhii. k. i h ,1 

 beneath, 1-1% in. long, pale green: conenllin:^. 11. in. 

 long: scales orbicular, almost entire, toniciiii.>. l„ n, aih. 

 Brit. Col. to Mont, and Ore. S.S. 12:5y4. ti.F. ;i;iu7. 

 Gt. 20:685, figs,8-I0. G.C. 11.25:652. B.H. 22:8, figs. 3-5. 



LASLANDRA 



20:685, fig. 5. B.H. 22:8, fig. 2. -The handsomest of the 

 Larches as a lawn tree. Var. minor, Murr. (var. Mur- 

 rayclna, Maxim. L. Japdnica, Murr., not Carr. ). 

 Dwarfer form with smaller cones. Gt. 20:685, fig. 2. B. 

 H. 22:9, fig. 4. 



BB. Lvs. without white lines, very narrow: scales 

 ling, straight or slightly incurfed at 



ll,t 



decidua. Mill. (L.Europaa, DC). Evropean Larch. 

 Fig. 1241. Tree, to 100 ft., with pyramidal, later often 

 Irregular, head: bark dark grayish brown: branchlets 

 slender, glabrous, yellowish: lvs. compressed, triangu- 

 lar, soft and obtuse, bright green, %~\H in. long: pis- 

 tillate fls. purplish; cones %-l% in. long, with many al- 

 most orbicular scales, usually finely tomentose on the 

 back. N. and M. Eu. Gt. 20:684, fig. ;t. B.H. 22:7, fig. 

 1. Var. pfendula, Loud. With pendulous branches ; 



nlyk 



L. Europiva 



sometimes confounded with the American Larch 

 20:684, fig. 11. B.H. 22:8, fig. 1. Gn. 35, p. 245 a 

 p. 84. 



Americina, Michx. {Zi. microcdrpu. D.vf. /,, i,/, 

 Salisb. L.lariclna, Koch). Tam.\ka. h. IIamsma 

 Tree, to CO ft., with horizontal l.ian. li. -. ii.nn 

 narrow pyraniirlal head, sometimes Inuail ami nj 

 older tree-.; I.afk redilish brown: branchlets sit 

 glabrous. "Ill II Mm. my: lvs. like those of the fc 

 but of liulii l.liu^li -lien: cones small, oval or s 

 globular. '.,-■, in. Imi!;; scales few to 20, almost o 

 lar and entire, glabrous. Canada, south to Pa., w 

 111. and Manitoba. 8.8.12:593. Em. 106. Gt. 20:W 

 7-8. B.H. 22:10, fig. 2-3. 



Lnalniricri. Tnr,-x. Similar tn L. .\nioriraiia. Tic. 



Imost 

 rbicu- 



pst to 



4, fig. 



. Bracts shorter than scales. 

 2 white liiii's beneath: scales f 



lept6Iepis, IMun. ( 

 Tree, to 80 ft., wltli 

 pyramidal heail : lirai 

 glabrous and glossy : 

 rather broad, obtuse 

 green: cones ovate-ot 

 nate, roundish ovate : 



•g., not Gord.). 

 ohes, forming a 

 r reddish brown, 

 1 globular: lvs. 

 light or bluish 

 ng, with emargi- 

 J. II. 19:88. Gt. 



KurilcHsU, Mai'r t L. Dahurica Japonica. Maxim. 

 L. leptolepis, to 70 ft.: young branchlets deep bin 

 benilous: lvs. rigid: bracts as long or somewhat s 

 si-alcs. X. Ja.p.-L. TJinVi. Pari. .\Wi;\ U< L. ......i. 



luuKcr; pihtiilatu lis. usually greeu, sonictiiiics Ijr 

 larger, with fewer but larger scales. Siberi:i. Gt.2U: 

 B.H. 22:7, figs. 2-3. ALFRED 



LAEKSPUK. Species of Delphinium. 



LASIAGEOSTIS. See Stipa. 



LASIANDEA. See Tibouchina. 



