960 LYCORIS 



BB. /Vs. bright red. 



radi&ta, Herb. {NerXne Japdnica, Miq.). Bulb glo- 

 bose, 1}^ in. diam.; neck short: Ivs. produced in win- 

 ter, linear: stamens much longer than the perianth seg- 

 ments. China and .Japan. B.R. 7:596 (as 4 ma j-j/»ia rn- 

 diata). A.G. 1.3:211.— The perianth segments are more 

 recurved than in any other species. The tube is very 

 short, while in all the other kinds here described it is 

 }4 in. long. W. M. 



l.i/rnr'' r'"rr„ I,-, ■ heen Cultivated for many years in 

 Anicn- ■! I.I. r Ml. .ugh it is not a common plant. 

 Lat.-I>, . . i M.i|...rtations of i. rrtdirt/a, the in- 



teresi m i:i , I. i.s widened. These species have 



the liaii.l- r !l..... .rs, and are preferably cultivated un- 

 der glass, though the bulbs are probably hardy in warm, 

 protected borders; at least they have more than once 



1341. Lycoris squamigera (X K). 



been frozen in pots at Elizabeth, N. J., without ap- 

 parent harm. In its habitat in China, i. aurea rests in 

 the wet season, and the most success in culture has 

 been found in growing it in a warmhouse, taking care 

 to cultivate the foliage and rest the bulbs in warmth 

 and moist earth. The same general directions may be 

 followed for L. rudiuln. As with all bulbs, a vigorous 

 growth of foliage is essential to the future appearance 

 of flowers. Jj, sqnamif/era and L. sangninea are per- 

 fectly hardy ; their leaves appear in March, mature 

 and disappear. The flowers come in the nature of a 

 surprise in July and August. The former species has a 

 columnar scape 2-3 ft. tall and a cluster of large, ama- 

 ryllis-like Bowers, of a bright rosy purple, rather attrac- 

 tive in the back row of a garden, but not of first rank. 

 L. sanguined has a scape 13.^-2 ft., with small orange- 

 red flowers, dull and curious rather than striking. The 

 two former species have the beauty of the Nerines, but 

 the two latter have none of this resemblance. 



J. N. Gerard. 



LY60DIUM (Greek, /K'lHiHff). SeUzwicece. Climb- 

 ing Ferns. A genus of twining ferns, with the sporangia 

 borne singly under overlapping scales on the under sur- 

 face of reduced portions of the leaf. Some 30 species are 

 known from all parts of the world. For cult., see Ferns. 

 A. Sterile pinnxtles intimate. (Native species.) 



palmitum, Sw. Hartford Fern. Lvs. 2 ft. or more 

 high, twining, bearingpairs of cordate-palmate pinnules 

 VA-1 in. long, on shwrt petioles; fertile pinnules 3-4- 

 pinnatifld, with the ultimate divisions linear. Mass. to 

 Fla. and Tenn. — Requires light, moist soil and partial 



AA. Sterile pinnules pinnate. (Exotic glasshouse 

 species.) 



sc4ndens, Sw. Pinnules 4-8 in. long, 2-4 in. broad, 

 with a terminal segment and 4 or .5 on each side, which 

 are simple and usually ovate. India and China. — Most 

 of the American material cultivated under this name be- 

 longs to the next species. 



JapAnicum, Sw. Pinnules 4-8 in. long, nearly as wide, 

 deltoid, with a pinnatiHd terminal segment and 2 or 3 

 lateral ones on each side, all unequal and the lowest 

 long-stalked and pinnate in the lower part. .Japan and 

 the East Indies. -The common species in cultivation. 

 L. M. Underwood. 



LYOXIA 



LYON, THEODATUS TIMOTHY (Plate Xl.pomolo- 

 gist, was burn in Lima, N. V., January 13, 1S13, and 

 died in South Haven, Mich., February 6, 1900. He was 

 the son of a farmer. His school going was very limited. 

 In 1828, his parents went to the territory of Michigan, 

 where he was employed in many pioneer pursuits, as 

 farming, lumber-making, post-boy, tanner, merchant. 

 He became more and more interested in farming, and in 

 1844 started a nursery on the farm at Plymouth, Mich. 

 He collected varieties from the local orchards, and found 

 their names much confused. His interest was chal- 

 lenged, and gradually he became absorbed in a study of 

 pomology, which in that day meant mostly knowledge 

 of varieties. Articles on the rariotips of Michigan ap- 

 ples in the "Michigan F.-inmr" :itfrn<-t.-il the attention 



of Charles Downing, and u . i !. ... .. i.iid exchange 



of varieties resulted. Hi-^ '. : , 'in the list of 



correspondents in the r« ^ i i ' i .-t l>owning's 



"Fruits and Fruit Trees." I r -.-hi. w ;ii-s, Mr. Lyon 

 was president of a railway conipany. In IS74, he moved 

 to the "fruit belt" of southwestern Michigan, where ho 

 became president of the Michigan Lake Shore Nursery 

 Association, and where he lived until his death. The 

 inn -I r \ i^s... i ition was not successful financially. In 

 1- Ml I 11 xM-ote a full (412 pp.) and careful "His- 

 I I I ^l 1 I 111 Horticulture," which was published in 

 III. -. \. 111. . iiili report of the State Horticultural Soci- 

 ety . a SIM II ij ot which he was president from 187B to 

 Ibbl, aud honorary president until his death. In 1889, 

 he took charge of the South Haven substation of the 

 Michigan Experiment Station ; and here, with his fruits 

 and trees, he lived quietly and happily to the last. 



Mr. Lyon was one of the last of the older generation 

 of poniologists. Like his colleagues, he was an expert 

 on varieties. He was one of that sacred company which 

 placed accuracy and cautiousness before every con- 

 sideration of ambition or personal gain. His friends 

 knew that he had not the temper of a commercial man. 

 At one time it was said of him that he was the mo.st 

 critical and accurate of American poniologists. The 

 fruit lists of the Michigan Horticultural Society, bis 

 labors in revision of nomenclature for the American 

 Pomological Societv, and his various bulletins of the 

 Michigan Experiment Station, show his keen judgment 

 of varieties. Personally, he was retired, modest, cautious 

 in speech, generous, simple iu habit and manner. 



LYONIA (after John Lyon, who introduced many 

 American plants into England, died before 1818 in Ashe- 

 ville, N. C). Syn. , Xolisma. Ericicea. Ornamental 

 evergreen or deciduous shrubs, with alternate sliort- 

 petioled lvs., and small white fls. in clusters, usually 

 forming terminal racemes or panicles. Only the decid- 

 uous L. ligustrina is hardy North, but is less desirable 

 than other hardy species of allied genera. It prefers 

 moist, peaty soil, while the evergreen tender L. ferru- 

 ginea thrives best in a sandy, well-drained soil. Cult, 

 and prop, like Leucothoi? and Pieris. About 10 species 

 in E. N. Amer., W. Indies and Mexico. Allied to Pieris 

 and often included under Andromeda. Calyx lobes 4-.% 

 valvate; corolla globular or urceolate, pubescent; sta- 

 mens 8-10: capsules 4-5-valved, with ribs at the sutures; 

 seeds numerous. 



ligustrina, Muhl. (Andrdmeda paniniliiln. Ait 

 L. panicwWa, Nutt.). Deciduous, much-hriuicluMr 

 shrub, to 10 ft. : lvs. obovate to oblong-lanceolate, entire 

 or obscurely serrate, pubescent beneath, 1-2 in. long: 

 fls. in leafless racemes, forming terminal panicles; co- 

 rolla globose, whitish, one-sixth in. long. May-July. 

 Canada to Fla., west to Tenn. and Ark. B.B. 2:570. 



ferruglnea, Nutt. (Andrimeda ferniginea, Walt.^. 

 Evergreen shrub or small tree: lvs. cuneate, obovate to 

 oblong, with revolute margin, scurfy when unfolding, 

 especially below, 1-2 in. long : fls. nodding, globular, 

 white, in clusters in the axils of the upper lvs. Feb., 

 March. S. C. to Fla. S.S. 5^34. L. B.C. 5:430. -Hand- 

 some evergreen shrub, but rarely cult., hardy only 

 South. Var. arborfiscens, Michx. [Andriimeda rlgida, 

 Pursh). Of vigorous growth, more rigid and with 

 crowded lvs., growing into a small tree. Var. fruticdsa, 

 Michx. (.4.r;io»i6oif?(??is,Nouv. Duh.). Shrubby: lvs. 

 sparser, conspicuously reticulated. Alfred Rehder. 



