MAMMILLARIA 



971 



M- 



■ plant iu the 



, much confused name. In the Thorbnrn < 



.probably <.ii tli-' ;iutln>rir\- ot K. s I'ar- 

 man in A.G. 11:539. M.miniata i- ^.l-o ,i>l%rni-.-l 1-% iMimun 



dealers and is referred by Vilmoriii - r.lu ii^';i 1 1 n. r.i u^ >\A:-a'- 



raleea niiniata. Index Kewensis.li^w f\ ■ i, tri.i^ .M iniiii;d;i to 

 Sphjeraleea cisplatina. This ri<Mlf will, ikmIlijin. ii.' vi.h.-d 

 under Sphieraleea. wliirh s(n-. — .1/ ni!'lf^i"t<i <ilhii Hint , is 

 probably a white-lid. fniiLi nf .,ii.- ,.f tli.- sprrir^ :ili,.v.- liif-n- 

 tioned. with foliage ni;iii,\- tiiius (ii\iilril —.1/. :'hnHa, linrt , is 

 referred by Index Kew.iisis t<> .M. s\l\rstii^; by X'thiuiiin's 

 Blumengitrtnerei to M. .Manrili:iiiM. In l'.ri.lj;.-inan's ratal. igne 

 Jl.z.brintiis described as a hardy annual, called "Striped Mal- 

 low," throwing 2 ft. liigh, with white and purple tls. -^^ ]yj_ 



MALVASTRUM (name made from Malva). MalvAeete. 

 Sixty or more herbs and subshrubs in America and S. 

 Africa, of which 2 or 3 are plants of minor importance in 

 gardens. From Malva and its allies it differs in having 

 short or capitate stigmas on the style-branches rather 

 than longitudinal stigmas, also in having a solitary ovule 

 in each carpel. From Malvaviscus it differs in having 

 a dry rather than a baccate fruit, and in other charac- 

 ters. The garden species are perennials of easy culture, 

 blooming in the hot weather of summer. 



coccineum. Gray. A tufted canesoent plant, 5-10 in. or 

 less high, with running rootstocks: Ivs. not more than 

 I in. across, pedately 3-5-parted or divided, the narrow 

 divisions again cut or cleft: fls. brick-red or coppery, in 

 a short terminal raceme: carpels round-kidney-shaped, 

 inclosed in the incurvin.g calvx lobes. Western Amer. 

 B. M. 1673 (as Cristariii <-.«"ci»c.O.- There is a var. 

 grandiflbrum in the trade, with "large deep scarlet fls." 



campanulatum, Nichols. Two ft. or less high, hairy: 

 Ivs. pedately 3-5-lobed, the lobes deeply cut and toothed, 

 clasping: fls. rose-purple, an inch across. Chile. P.M. 

 9:173, and R.H. 1843:325 (as Malva campanulata). 



spISndidum, Kell. Shrub, becoming 12 ft. or more, 

 gray-tonientose: Ivs. cordate-ovate, 5-lobed; fls. rosy 

 pink, fragrant. Calif. L. h. B. 



MALVAVISCUS (Greek, sticky malloif). Malvilcea. 

 About 25 species of tender shrubs from the warmer 

 parts of America, one of which, M. arboreus, is known 

 to the trade as Achania 3rah'aviscus, It is a fine old 

 greenhouse shrub with erect scarlet fls., which resemble 

 an Abutilon and never open widely. Abutilon, however, 

 has no involucre, while Malvaviscus has an involucre of 

 10-12 bractlets. Lvs. entire, 

 dentate, angled or lobed: 

 fls. red, usually peduncled; 

 petals erect and connivent 

 or spreading in the upper 

 half ; column of stamens 

 truncate below the apex or 

 ."i-tiKitbed : carpels fleshy 

 out. side, connate into a berry, 

 later separating. 



arboreus, Cav. (Acli()>iia 

 -". ■ -^ Sw.l. Fig. 



base, toothed: fls. convolute in Hit- l.u.l, bractlets erect. 

 S.Amer. B.M.230.-). -Cult, outdoors iuS.Fla.and S.Calif. 



JIfiilriirixciis arboreus is one of the most satisfactory 

 house plants that can be grown. It is not subject to in- 

 sects of any kind, will stand a low temperature in win- 

 ter, and blooms both winter and summer. When pot 

 firown, the plant is usually about 2 ft. high, but out- 

 doors it makes a strong, branching growth, attaining 3-5 

 ft. The bright scarlet fls. remain a long time in perfect 

 condition. The fls. open slightly at the top or not at all. 

 This circumstance gave rise to the old name Achania, 

 which means not openintj. The plant needs a good light 

 soil and thrives in a compost of fibrous peat and loam. 

 Prop, by cuttings. The cultivators need not fear the 

 appearance of white grains on the surface of the lvs., as 

 they are a normal, w^axy secretion of the plant. 



James Vice. 



MAMILLAKIA. See MammiUaria. 



MAMMfiA (from a South American name). Gullif- 

 er<p. Sis species of tropical trees, one of which. M, 

 I, produces the fruits known as the Mammee 



Apple or St. Domingo Apricot. These are 3-G iu. iu 

 diameter, round, russet-colored or brown, with a yellow 

 juicy pulp, and 1-4 large, rough seeds. The skin and 

 seeds are bitter and resinous. The fruits are eaten raw 

 without flavoring, or with wine and sugar, or sugar and 

 cream. They are also preserved. The taste for them 

 does not have to be acquired. The tree is cult, in S. 

 Fla. and S. Calif., and a few fruits are brought from the 

 West Indies to the U. S. The nearest ally of horticul- 

 tural value is the Mangosteen, belonging to the genus 

 Garcinia, characterized by having 4 sepals, while 

 Mammea has a calyx which is closed before anthesis, 

 and afterwards is valvately 2-parted. Marameas have 

 rigid, leathery lvs., often dotted with pellucid glands: 

 peduncles axillary, I-fld., solitary or clustered : fis. 

 polygamous; petals 4-6; stamens numerous; stigma 

 peltate or broadly lobed: ovary 2-4-celled. 



Americana, Linn. Mammee Apple. St. Domingo 

 Aprioit. Fig. 1354. Tree, 40-60 ft. high: lvs. obovate- 

 obloniT. rounded tit tip, 4-8 in. long: peduncles few or 

 soIitaf\": ]"'tals wliite, fragrant; anthers oblong, later- 

 ally dehiscent. l'...M. 7562. w. M. 



3tiiuniir,i Ann rir.iiKi is native from the West Indies 

 to Brazil. The wood is durable and well adapted for 

 building purposes, posts and piles. It stands damp. It 

 is beautifully grained and is used for fancy work. The 

 gum is applied to extract chigoes; dissolved in lime- 

 juice it destroys maggots in sores at a single dressing. 

 An infusion of the bark is astringent and is useful to 

 strengthen the recent cicatrices of sores. A liqueur has 

 been obtained by distillation from the flowers infused 

 in spirits of wine, known iu the Island of Martinique by 

 the name of "Creme des Creoles." The fruit is the size 

 of a very large orange. It has a sweetish, somewhat 

 aromatic taste and a peculiar odor. Not much use is 

 made of it. Seeds germinate freely, and young plants 

 are easily raised. ■^-. Harris. 



MAMMEE APPLE. See Mammea. 



MAMMILLARIA i La 

 nipple-like tub.nie. ,, 

 originally spelhd .U,i,h 

 ing or in clustei v iimhi 

 cal or short-cvlitidfii-al 



.• referring to the 

 . I. Often but not 

 IS simple, branch- 

 ii.mly hemispheri- 

 ■pressed or some- 



times much elongated; the surface entirely broken up 

 into tubercles (mamillae): fls. usually short-funnelform, 

 with naked or nearly naked tube and ovary, borne in 

 the more or less woolly axils between the tubercles, or 

 at the inner extremity of a narrow groove on their up- 

 per surface: fr. globose to linear-clavate, nearly always 

 smooth and berry-like. The first subgenus is rather in- 

 definitely separated from the tuberculate Echinocacti by 

 the smooth fruit, and by the character of the groove, 

 which in MammiUaria is litifdiy ni.in- thtin an impressed 

 line, while in Echinm-aitn^ it i^ ^li.iitiL- and so broad as 

 to be obviously a contitmatinti .d the ^piniferous areola. 

 The cultivation of JIaiiiiiiillaria iliffrrs in no respect 

 from Echinocactus, which see. 



Review of Subgenera. 

 Subgenus I. Coetphantha (flowering in vertex). 

 Tubercles, at least the flowering ones, narrowly 

 grooved on the upper side, from apex nearly to 

 base, except in M. maeromeris . Pis. showy, 

 large for the genus. Fruit green or greenish, 

 except in M. tuberculosa and M. Missouriensis. 



shelli 



lid thin- 

 ilura. 



1-24 



Subge 



Specii 

 II. Doi.iiaiTHKi.E. Tuliercles cylindric- 

 conieal. long, loose and of soft texture. Fls. 

 large, yellow, from the axils of the upper 



tubercles Species 25 



Subgenus III. Cochemiea. Stems elongated, form- 

 ing large clumps : fls. in a crown near the 

 apex, IM-2 in. long, narrowly tubular-funnel- 

 form, somewhat curved and bilabiate, with 

 widely spreading sepaloid scales, the whole 

 flower uniformly waxy red: stamens and style 

 exceeding the petals: fr. red: one ur hiijit cen- 

 trals hooked, except ^i.tiirtiiiic^ in .1/. //.'/./. 

 All from LowerCalitiiniia and adjacnt inlands. 

 Species 26-29 



