9/4 MAMMILLARIA 



7 cornifera, DC. Tubercles ovate, thick, rather 

 crowiknl: radial spines 15-17, ashy white, G lines long; 

 central 1, longer and stouter, erect, somewhat curved. 

 Mexico. 



8. daimonoc*ras,Lem. Vertex impressed,very woolly: 

 tubercles erect-conical: spines grayish; radials 20 or 

 more, the upper accessory ones fascicled; centrals usu- 

 ally 3, stronger, the 2 upper divaricate and somewhat 

 recurved, the lower horizontal or recurved. Mexico. 



9. Echinus, Enjrlm. Differs from the above in the 

 less <lc-]ir(SM'il sh.iiic and rather more numerous spines. 

 Southern Tix. to .Mi.'X. 



10. scolymoides, Scheidw. At length somewhat ces- 

 pitose: tubercles conical, bent inwards and imbricated: 

 radial spines 14-20, whitish or horn-colored; centrals 

 1^, longer and darker, the upper mingled with the up- 

 per radials, the lower stouter and bent downwards: lis. 

 2 in. in diam. Mex., south of the Rio Grande. 



11. radians, DC. Stems simple: axils naked: tubercles 

 oval, large: .spines white, rigid, subtomentose. Mex. 



12. pectinita, Engelm. Stem simple: tubercles quad- 

 rangular at base, conical above; areolae round-oblong: 

 spines 16-24, yellowish, laterally compressed at base, 

 stiff, pectinate, somewhat recurved: fls. 2% in. In diam.; 

 petals broadest above, obtusish. Pecos river and Leon 

 Springs, Tex. 



13. impezicdina, Lem. Vertex deeply impressed, 

 densely woolly: tubercles somewhat angulate; areolte 

 round: spines 18-20, gray, rigid, covering the whole 

 plant; very rarely a single porrect central. Mex. 



14. sulcata, Engelm. (if. calcar&ta, Engelm.). 

 Densely cespitose from the upper part of the groove: 

 tubercles 7-9 lines long, ovate-oblong, with dilated 

 base, soim-wluit imbricate, spreading in age: spines 

 grav. luhl, iii'iiliM ; radials 12-15, the upper 3-5, fas- 

 ciclrd III I I iii-ved, wanting in younger plants : 

 fls. L" I ; 1.11, the tube red within; sepals not 

 friuKiil. I'l \ . 111. Ill tlie Brazos to the Nueces river. 



lo. Nickelsae, Rrandg. {M. NickeUii, Hort.). Very 

 near the preceding, but radial spines more numerous, 

 14-18, the fascicled upper ones much longer than the 

 lower, and no central. Mex., south of Laredo, Tex. 



16. Missouri«nsis, Sweet (M. Nuttallii, Engelm.). 

 Nearly simple, 1-2 in. in diam.: tubercles cylindric- 

 conical, loose and spreading, slightly grooved: spines 

 white, weak, puberulent, not hiding the body; radials 

 12-17, spreading; central one longer and stouter, often 

 wanting; fls. about 1 in. long, yellow to fawn-color, with 

 reddish streak; sepals fimbriate; petals acute or acu- 

 minate: berry red, the shape and size of a small pea; 

 seeds black and pitted. Mont, to Kans. and E. Colo. 



Var. Bimilis, Engelm. Cespitose, in clumps often a 

 foot broad: spines fewer: &. and fr. larger. Kansas 

 river to Texas. 



Var. robiistior, Engelm. {if. Wissmannii, Hildm.). 

 Almost simple: tubercles longer and looser: spines 

 smooth, rather short and stout; radials 10-12; central 

 1: fls. even larger than in if. siMii7is. Tex. 



17. macromeris, Engflm. Fie UTC. Low. usually 



ioosi- and si.n-ii.linir. 1.11' ..n.-ii iii.-urvr.l ; -r,...ve rather 

 short; nulials 1(1-17, un.k. ,sl. li.ln- an.l s|,n.u.liug; cen- 

 trals at maturity usually 4, .somewhat stouter and much 

 longer, sometimes more than 2 in. long: fls. purple, 

 often 3 in. in expansion ; petals erose, raueronate : f r. 

 with several scales on the ovary. Along the Rio Grande 

 from New Mexico to Texas. See, also, Fig. 746a. 



18. conoidea, DC. {M. strobilifSrmis, Engelm.). 

 Ovate-conical, with densely woolly vertex : tubercles 

 short, usually densely appressed-imbricate in 8-10 

 spiral, rib-like rows: radial spines 10-16, straight and 

 stout ; centrals 3-5, stouter, blackish, the upper ones 

 erect-spreading, the lower stouter, horizontal or de- 

 flexed: fls. about 1 in. in expan.sion, deep purple, paler 

 outside: fr. short, buried and hidden in the axillary 

 wool. N. E. Mex. 



19. vivipara, Haw. Viir. i:\'i\. T.,,w and depressed- 

 globose, usually cespitiisr. fi.rniiim' large masses: tu 

 bercles terete and loose: radial spims 12-20, slender bul 



MAMMILLARL\ 



.stiff; centrals usually 4, but sometimes as many as 8, 

 brownish, the upper erect-spreading, the lower stouter 

 and deflexed: fls. bright purple, 1-lK in. in expansion; 

 stigmas mucronate. From southern Br. Am., through 

 the upper Missouri region to E. Colo. 



20. radiisa, Engelm. Ovate or cylindrical, sometimes 

 proliferous: tubercles terete : radial spines 20-30, white, 

 with dusky apex, very unequal; centrals 4 or 5, stouter 

 and longer, tawny, upper ones longer, lowest shorter 

 and horizontal: fls. lpi-2 in. in expansion; stigmas ob- 

 tuse. Southern Tex. and northern Mex. 



Var. Neo-Mexicina,Engelm. (M. ffirscJifiiiHa. Haage, 

 Jun. ). Lower, more or less proliferous from the lower 

 grooves : radial spines 20-40, white ; centrals 3-12, 

 white below, blackish above. 



Var. boreUis, Engelm. Ovate or subglobose : radial 

 spines 12-20; centrals 3-6, purple-spotted. Very near 

 M. vivipara. 



Var. Ariz6nica, Engelm. Globose or ovate, large: tu- 

 bercles long-cylindrical: radial spines 15-20, whitish; 

 centrals 3-6, deep brown above : fls. large, rose-colored. 

 N. Arizona. 



Var. des6rti, Engelm. Low, simple, with slender 

 nearly cylindric tubercles: radial spines 15-20; centrals 

 8-10, reddish tipped : fls. straw-colored, with purplish 

 tips. Ivanpah, Calif. 



Var. chlOT&ntha, Engelm. Cylindrical, sometimes as 

 much as 9 in. high : radial spines 20-25, almost in 2 

 series, gray; centrals 6-9, stouter, K-1 in. long, reddish 

 only at tip: fls. greenish yellow. S.Utah. 



Var. Alversonj, Coulter. "Foxtail Cactus." Robust 

 and branching, sometimes 10 in. long, glaucous: tuber- 

 cles short and broad, somewhat angled, forming more 

 or less distinct ribs: radial spines numerous; centrals 

 8-14, stout spreading blackish half way down : fls. 

 pink. S E Calif 



21. dasyacAntha, Engelm Simple subglobose : tu- 

 bercles terete Ioosl i idial spines 25-35 hair-like, 

 white, with browni h i; i \ < 1 ntrals 7-13 biistle-Iike, 

 pale below brown d \ I 11- 1 the most interior one 

 horizontal sometii 1 h mtiii idsblack with nearly 

 basal hilum Tp\ 



1355 Mammillaria macromens 



22. tuberculdsa, Engelm. ( ii". s(ro6(7iY<!rmis, Scheer). 

 Ovate or cylindric. rather slender, somewhat dry of tex- 

 ture, the spines falling from the older tubercles, leaving 

 them as dry, corky protuberances: tubercles short-ovate 

 from a broad base; axils densely woolly: radial spines 

 20-30, slender, rigid, white; centrals 5-9, stouter, pur- 



