MATRICARIA 



iace and nblpsg on tbe 111 al o lu havmg a higher or 

 moie conic il lecepticle and biicts lu few rather than 

 many seiies Matiicuiis aie annual or perennial 

 weedy heibs often hei\ ilj "scented about 2o species in 

 mani paits cf the w ill The foliage is much cut or 



JIATTHIOLA 



093 



Th M 



plants m cultivation and 



The> are commonly con 



s-inthemum and fe% erfew 



r\ le IS a form ot CI lys tn 



1,1 I, ) It IS a good 



uble heids ^lo^iug 2 ft 



Luognentu inuualLhljs 



I luuualb or biennials 



mod mm Linn 



l\ or quite glabrous 



II fiom Euiope and 



I d \ idtu or dis 



n 



phys 



tun 2 tt oi It s hi^h s It 1 u j i „ but be 



miug snuoth 1 ushy in f,i \ tl 1 {.ttioUte twice 

 <ln ided the ultimate segments o\ ite and often 3 1 1 ed 

 tl heids loosely corjmbobe m the garden friius usually 

 double white — \ handsome plait piobably of Old 

 World origin, useful for pots, and blooming till fiost 



Other introduced species from En. are M Chamnmnia 

 Linn., a glabrous, m .ch-V)ranclied annual, with tinth dissected 

 Ivs., 10-20 truncate white rays, and an oblong neiih terete 

 akene with 3-5 laint ribs: and M. disco^rfea DC (M metric tn 

 oides. Porter), a very leafy and glabrous annual with no rijs 

 and a lightly nerved oblong akene. L H B 



MATRIMONY VINE, See LricUim 



MATSfiA. Consult J/n (If «in. 



MATTEtJCCIA (from C. Matteucci, an Itahi 

 cist). PolypoiUAcete. A small genus of nc 

 perate ferns, with leaves of two sorts, the sterile grow- 

 ing in crowns from erect rootstocks, and the fertile 

 growing from the interior of the crown. Our species is 

 kuown as the Ostrich Fern and is one of the most easily 

 cultivated, as well as one of the handsomest of our na- 

 tive species. It multiplies rapidly by offsets sent out 

 from the rootstock. Commonly known as an Onoclea or 

 Struthiopteris. 



Struthibpteris, Todaro (Struthiiipteris Germritiica, 

 Willd. Onoelhi Strutliliipleris. Hoffui.). OsTKiuH Fern. 

 Lvs. (sterile) 2-(J ft. long, with the lowest pinnai grad- 

 ually reduced; fertile lvs. 10-15 in. long, pinnate, with 

 the margins of the pinnie closely iurolled and covering 

 the sori. Eu. and northeastern N. Amer. — Wildenow re- 

 garded the American species distinct, but by most 

 botanists it is considered as identical with the European 

 species. L^ jj_ Underwood. 



MATTHtOLA (Peter Andrew Jlatthioli, 1500-1577, 

 Italian pbysirian and writrr on nhintsi. Sometimes 



spelled J/" A ■ I',-" ..,. . -I" I, I . I LI.IFLOWEK, 



when usfd : ■ ; : i . r, , I ■ I, I a or some- 

 times Clii'iri.: :i i . i r .!■ II i. I Diantlius 



Cari/ophiill" <. Ir in iiiiiitliii.. iiM I, iiilllinver, this 



genus dilters in its wim.',-d seeds, whirh arc as broad as 

 the partition, the stigma lobes erect or connivent and 

 often thickened on the outside, the silique not 4-sided 

 (terete or compressed). Of Matthiolas there are prob- 

 ably 30 species, widely distributed in the Old World and 

 Australia. They are herbs or subshrubs, tomentose, 

 with oblong or linear-entire or sinuate lvs., and large, 

 mostly purple fls. in terminal racemes or spikes. 

 The true Stocks (Fig. 1377) are of this genus. The 



Virginian StocKs are diffuse small-flowered annuals of 

 the genus Malcomia (which see). Stocks are of two 

 general types, — the autumn-blooming. Queen or Bromp- 

 ton Stocks, and the summer-blooming. Ten Weeks or 

 Intermediate Stocks. By some persons these classes 

 are made to represent two speci< ^ V. .'i -• mnt and J/. 

 annuo respectively. It is proli:ii>'' ' ■■ > ■ < ;■ iliat they 

 are garden forms of one polynn lOveu if 



distinct originally, it is not pi>s- , : -tinG:uish 



them by definite botanical l1i:i;.- ; i-. -i-cks are 

 amongst the most common of all yanlcn tlowers. The 

 two types cover the entire blooming season, particularly 

 if the earlier ones are started indoors. Most of the gar- 

 den forms are double, although some of the single 

 types are desirable for the definiteness and simplicity 

 of their outlines. The colors are most various, running 

 from white through rose, crimson, purple and parti- 

 colored. The fls. are fragrant. For culture, see Stock 



1377. Ten Weeks' Stock— Matthiola incana. var. annua (.X%). 



incana, R. Br. Common Autumnal or Brompton 

 St0(.:k. Biennial or perennial, becoming woody at base, 

 but usually treated as an annual: erect-branching, 

 closely tomentose-pubescent, the stems stiff and cylin- 

 drical: lvs. alternate, tapering into a petiole, long-ob- 

 long or oblanceolate, entire, olitnsr: fls. with saccate 

 lateral sepals and hui:.' j.. iiN \ 'I'l l-n: . Inws and 



wide-spreading limb, 1 ' i l.sinan 



open, terminal, erect riM ■ i' i i 'm:!-4in. 



long, erect. Mediterran, ,ni r._i"t,; a,-., I 1, ..i Wight. 

 -M. ijlahrata, DC, is a ylal.ivii., I. an,. 



Var. Annua, Voss (M. unima, iiwKvt). Ten-Weeks, 

 or Intermediate Stocks. Fig. 1377. Annual, le.ss 

 woody, blooming earlier.— A shining-lvd. variety is 

 known. 



