1026 MOLUCCELLA 



nutlets appear in the cup or shell-like calyx, and add 

 to the interest. The corollas are frupin;.'. the upper lip 

 forming a sort of hood, wliiidi iri:iv In- notched or not, 

 the lower lip ■'■ ■•"i. iln' ^i'l■■ h.i" - i" ihl- ..i.i.Mig and 

 somewhat orr<'f. iIm- ninldli' I ■! ' ! riy heart- 

 shaped and 'li(|.lv n.ii.li,,!. >m '. \ .1 names 



only 2now n-iiiMii, in iliis-,n"- ' : I i-i.-s. Ben- 



thani & Hooker phicp this k.-iuis nciir Laniium. Other 

 genera of garden value in which the upper lip of the 

 corolla is concave or vaulted and often villous within 

 are Stacliys, Leonurus and Phlomis. Prom these Mo- 

 lucctlla is easily distinguished by its calyx. These 

 phiiits lire hardy annuals, flowering in midsummer. The 

 Ms. iiri- white, tipped pink, scarcely, if at all, thrust out 

 of the calyx, and borne in whorls of (i-10. 

 A. Cah/riinl /.ri.-lhi. 



ISevis, Linn. Shell 1''i.i.wi,k. .Mom-cca Balm. Fig. 

 1414. Height 2-3 ft.: Ivs. iv.ini.lisli. with coarse round 

 teeth: calyx ob.scuridy ."i-iinf,'lc.l. W.Asia. B.M. 1852. 

 — Fls. odorous. 



AA. Calyx beset with long prickles. 



spinbsa, Linn. Height 6-8 ft. : Ivs. ovate, deeply and 

 sharply cut: calyx with 1 long spine above and 7 others 

 below. S. Eu., Syria. B.R. 15:1244 (as Chasmonia in- 

 <;t«n).— Annual or biennial, with brownish red square 

 stems, bristling calyx and gaping corolla. Said to have 

 been cult, in Eng. since lo9C. ^_ jl_ 



M0M6EDICA (mordeo, to bite, since the seeds appear 

 to have heen bitten). Cucurhit(lce<e. There are 25 spe- 

 cies of Jlomordica, chieHy African, according to Cog- 

 niaux (DC. Monogr. Phancr. :!). Thev arc annual or per- 

 .■niiinl tendril-cliinliing hei-hs,,t tr..i.ii'-!il countries, some 

 of wliich are cnlt. f<n- ,.i-Ti:nn.iit and i,ls„ f,,r the edible 

 fruits. The fls. are nM.n(i'.-i..us ,.i- di.ecious. the stami- 

 nate solitary or panieled, the ]>istillate sulitary. Corolla 

 and calyx similar in sterile and fertile fls.: corolla seg- 

 ments 5, often extending nearly to the base, making a 

 rotate or broadly campanulate flower; stamens usually 

 3, the short filaments free, one of the anthers 1-loculed 

 and the others 2-locnli,l: -i-, 1. inule and long, with 3 

 stigmas: fr. obloni; .t i i ■ '■ . rical, small, often 

 rough, usually many -. i. i. i . unes splitting into 

 3 valves, but usually mi. in r, m : seeds usually flat- 

 tened, often oddly nun ked .,> s.iil|.iured. Tendrils sim- 

 ple—in this distinguished from Lull'a. Momordicas are 

 known to American gardens as ornamental vines, but 

 the fruits of M. Charanlia are eaten by the American 

 Chinese. They are tender annuals. They thrive where 

 cucumbers and gourds will. M. JClaterium of the cata- 

 logues Is Ecballium, which see. 



ill 



Charintia, Linn. Balsam Pear. Running 10 ft. or 

 nion-. the stem slightly pubescent and furrowed: Ivs. 

 roundish, dull green, imbescent beneath (at least on the 

 riba), 5-7 lobes with rounded sinuses, the lobes sharp- 

 toothed and notched: fls. yellow, 1 in. across, both the 

 sterile and fertile solitary: fr. yellowish, oblong, pointed, 

 furrowed lengthwise and tuberculate, C or 7 in. long, 

 at maturity splitting into 3 divisions and disclosing the 

 bright scarlet arils of the white or brown carved seeds. 

 Trop. Asia and Africa, and naturalized in W. Indies. 

 B. M. 2455. A. G. ]3:!)25. B. H. I8«9, pp. 630-1. -The 

 Chinese about the American cities grow this plant under 

 the name of La-kwa, for the edible pnl|iv arils ~iir- 

 rounding the seeds, and also for the e.lil.le fnni ii^. If 

 (which is prepared, usually by boiling, bell iie ii i^ii|„ i. 

 The rind is sometimes dried and used m nie.liemal 

 preparations (see Bailey, Bull. 67, Cornell Exp. (sia., 

 with illustr.). The odd seeds cause it to be called the 

 "Art Pumpkin" by some. 



(ill. 



not 



WONAKDA 



fls. solitary, nearly or quite 1 in. across, yellow, often 

 with blackish center: fr. orange, 2-3 in. long, ovoid and 

 more or less narrowed each way, smooth or tuberculate: 

 seeds compressed, nearly smooth. Widely distributed 

 in Africa and Asia, and naturalized in the W. Indies. 

 O.C. 1848:271. R.H. 1857, p. 182.-A neat vine, growing 

 4-6 ft. 

 AAA. ISmrl ntnr Ihr top of the sterile peduncle, entire. 



involucrita, E. Meyer. Much like .If. Balsamina, but 

 teeth of Ivs. blunt, with a short nmcro, fls. larger, bract 

 much larger: fls. white "i- nvam. white, often dotted 

 withblack: fr. sulfur-N'elhi ,\ . . t.ih -in - i" scarlet, burst- 

 ing, 2 in. long. S. Afr. ' K' H 1 \l . Jialsamina, 

 va.r. leucantha). B.M. (I'J; liir and grace- 

 ful climber, with the piilnn li i im i :iL':iinst the calyx, 

 like an involucre. Int. to Amer. trade about 1890. 



Jlf. Cochinchininsis, Spreng. (M. mixta, Roxbg.V is a large 

 species with 3-lobed Ivs., pale yellow, purple-eyed lis., 4 in. 

 across, and an oblong, bright red fr. 4-7 In. long. Farther In- 

 dia. B.M. 5145. r.S. 14:1478. G.C. III. 16:531. G.M. 37:777. 

 L. H. B. 



UONARDA (after Nicolas Monardes, a Spaniard, who 

 published in 1571 a book containingthe earliest picture of 

 an American plant. See Fig. 1077). LabiHtxe. Horse- 

 Mint. This includes the Oswego Tea (M. didyma), 

 one of the most brilliant of our native wild flowers, be- 

 ing surpassed in the intensity of its red only by the car- 

 dinal flower. It is a rather coarse herb, with large heads 

 of gaping, wide-mouthed fls., which have none of the 

 refinement of our cardinal flower. For mass effects. 



Balsdmina, Linn. Balsam Apple. Slenderer and 

 more graceful, bright green throughout, glabrous, the 

 foliage smaller and neater: Ivs. cordate-orbicular in 

 outline, 3 in. or less across, 3-5-lobed, with rounded 

 sinuses, the lobes and the few notches or teeth acute: 



1415. Monarda didyma (XK). 



however, these plants are very striking. They grow 

 wild along the banks of streams, lighting up the dark 

 comers of the woods. This suggests their proper place 

 in lainls.;i|.e ^'ar.b-iiing. They should be grown in 

 masses, in \\\\i\ s|„.t- against adark background. How- 

 ever, tlie\ e:ni, ii. leaned, be growu in an Ordinary suHuy 

 border with.mt mnre meisture than usual. As abedding 

 plant they would be inferior to Salvia coccinea, the 

 flowers being shorter-lived. The white- and rose-colored 

 varieties are less desirable. M. fistulosa is the same 

 type of plant, and is procurable in colors ranging from 

 white, flesh color and lilac, through rose and crimson to 

 deep purple, but not scarlet. This species is very vari- 

 able in height. The lighter colored varieties are usu- 

 ally less robust. 



Monardas are easy of culture, thriving in any good 

 soil. They spread quickly, and therefore need frequent 

 separation, which operation is best done in the spring, 

 as plants disturbed in the fall will often winter-kill. 



Monarda is a genus of 9 species of aromatic American 

 herbs: Ivs. usually dentate: fls. often borne in dense 

 heads, surrounded by an involucre of colored bracts; 

 calyx tubular, lo-nerved, with 5 nearly equal teeth; co- 



