THE INCORPORATORS 147 



Expedition, and the first United States and Mexican Boundary 

 Survey. He also contributed many papers to the American 

 Journal of Science and to the transactions of American and 

 foreign scientific societies. 



Besides paleontological investigations, he engaged in the study 

 of the crystalline structure of the rocks, and " was the first to 

 point out the persistence and the significance of mineralogical 

 characters as a guide to their classification." He also devoted 

 attention to questions of dynamic geology, especially in relation 

 to the structure of mountain ranges. He died on August 7, 1898, 

 at the advanced age of eighty-seven years, at Echo Hill, New 

 Hampshire. 



JOSEPH HENRY 

 Born, December 17, 1799; died May 13, 1878 



The life of Henry may be properly divided into three periods ; 

 his early years, the period during which he was a professor in 

 the Albany Academy and at Princeton University, and the period 

 during which he was Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. 

 Simon Newcomb said of him in 1880: 



" Few have any conception of the breadth of the field occupied by Professor 

 Henry's researches, or of the number of scientific enterprises of which he was 

 either the originator or the effective supporter. What, under the circumstances, 

 could be said within a brief space to show what the world owes to him has 

 already been so well said by others that it would be impracticable to make a really 

 new presentation without writing a volume." 



Henry was born on December 17, 1799, at Albany, New York. 

 He was of Scotch descent, and both his maternal and paternal 

 grandparents came to New York at the same time in 1775. His 

 early years were spent at Albany and at Galway, a village near 

 Saratoga. His father was William Henry, his mother Annie 

 Alexander, an aunt of Stephen Alexander, also one of the incor- 

 porators of the Academy. 



As a boy he was imaginative. His mind ran on romance and 

 adventure, and his reading was made up largely of novels, poetry 

 and plays. He even organized an amateur dramatic company, 

 and took part as an actor or directed the acting of others. When 



