A HISTORY OF HAMPSHIRE 



contains a number of good pictures and a fine stone 

 chimney-piece from Bold Hall, in Lancashire, and 

 there are other relics of this destroyed house in other 

 rooms. 



At the back of the house is a pretty walled garden. 



East Wymering Farm is a substantial building, a 

 little further to the east, on the south of the road, 

 with a large pond before the house ; and Upper 

 Farm and Lower Farm lie respectively north and south 

 of the side road which runs northward along the west 

 boundary of the churchyard, dividing it from the 

 grounds of the manor house. To the north of the 

 village runs the ridge of Portsdown, crowned by the 

 new buildings of the Alexandra Hospital, while to 

 the south are the low-lying lands and mud-flats of 

 Horsea Island. 



Cosham village is in the east of the parish, at the 

 foot of Portsdown, where the road from Havant to 

 Fareham crosses the high-road between London and 

 Portsmouth after its sharp descent from Portsdown 

 Hill. To the south, east and west stretch tracts of 

 low-lying land commanded by the long range of 

 Portsdown and its impressive but obsolete array of 

 forts. The village is of considerable size, falling 

 naturally into two parts : East Cosham, which lies 

 along the road to Havant, and Cosham, which is 

 situated along the main road to Portsmouth. The 

 former consists chiefly of residential houses sur- 

 rounded by pleasant gardens, while Cosham is the 

 commercial quarter. Situated as it is on the high- 

 road to Portsmouth, a considerable amount of traffic 

 passes through it, and it contains an unusually large 

 number of inns and restaurants. ' The Swan,' ' The 

 Ship,' 'The King and Queen,' 'The Red Lion. 

 ' Uncle Tom's Cabin ' and ' The Pure Drop ' are the 

 names of some of the former, but there are others 

 too numerous to mention. The Portsmouth corpora- 

 tion electric tramway has a terminus here to the 

 north of the railway station, worked in connexion 

 with the Portsdown and Horndean Light Railway, 

 which runs through Cosham a little to the west of 

 the High Street. Cosham Park, at present unoccupied, 

 is of considerable extent ; it lies to the north of the 

 railway. In the centre of the village is the cattle- 

 market, where a market is held every Monday for the 

 sale of live-stock. East Cosham contains a small 

 Baptist chapel r/ected in 1871. Divine service is 

 held in Cosham elementary school, which is licensed 

 for the purpose, and has a portion screened off to 

 serve as a chancel. There is a brewery in Cosham 

 High Street, and also a seed, coal, corn, and artificial 

 manure manufactory ; and in East Cosham the 

 manufacture of sieves and baskets is carried on. 

 Cosham almshouses were erected and endowed by 

 Mistress Honor Wayte in 1 608, for four poor, honest 

 women. 



Hilsea lies to the south of Cosham on the main 

 Portsmouth road, about three miles north of Ports- 

 mouth, and is practically a suburb of Portsmouth. 

 In the centre of the village are the Royal Artillery 



Barracks, the fortifications of which have been 

 strengthened, and are now very extensive. There is 

 also a garrison school for the children of soldiers and 

 a military hospital. 



Two lines of railway pass through the parish, the 

 London and South- Western and the London Brigh- 

 ton and South Coast, the junction being at Farlington 

 Station ; a branch line at Cosham unites the two 

 railways. 



The soil of the parish is loamy ; and the subsoil is 

 chalk, the chief crops being wheat, oats, and barley. 



According to the latest returns of the Board of 

 Agriculture, the proportions of land in Cosham parish 

 are as follows : 1,409^ acres of arable land, 1,029^ acres 

 of permanent grass, and 144$ acres of woodland. 



The common lands in Wymering, Widley, Cosham 

 and Hilsea were inclosed in 181112.* 



The following place-name occurs in a fine of 1318, 

 ' Palegrove ' ; * it still survives in Paulsgrove Lake 

 and Paulsgrove Quay, and is the basis of a tradition 

 that St. Paul landed here on a visit to England. 



At the time of the Domesday Survey 

 MANORS frrMERING was ancient demesne of 

 the crown. Land in Cosham and Port- 

 chester belonged to this manor. 6 



The king possibly granted Wymering to the 

 Albemarles before 1 167, for at that date the Vidame 

 of Picquigny held land in Wymering, 6 in right of his 

 wife, who was the eldest daughter of Stephen, second 

 earl of Albemarle. 7 In the reign of Henry III 

 William de Fortibus earl of 

 Albemarle held the manor, 8 

 of which he died seised in 

 1 260.' On the extinction of 

 the family the manor reverted 

 to the crown, and in July, 

 1280, it was assigned by 

 Edward I, with several other 

 manors in Hampshire, to his 

 mother Eleanor in part satis- 

 faction of ,1,065 Io ^ 7^- t 

 which she formerly received 

 from the exchequer. 10 But 

 this assignment was superseded 



in the following year by a grant in fee simple of the 

 manors of Wymering and Blandford (co. Dorset) to 

 John le Botiller by Ralph de Sandwich, the king's 

 steward, in exchange for the manor of Ringwood." 



In 1285 a grant was made to John le Botiller and 

 his heirs of 15^. yearly at the exchequer until pro- 

 vided with lands to that amount, because when he 

 accepted Wymering manor for Ringwood manor no 

 mention was made in the extent of Wymering of a 

 rent-charge of three quarters of corn worth 15^., 

 which the master and brethren of the Domus Dei at 

 Portsmouth received from the tenants of Wymering 

 by the gift of William de Fortibus earl of Albemarle." 



In 1 309 John le Botiller died seised of Wymering 

 manor," which was assigned to his widow Joan in 

 dower, Joan taking oath not to marry without royal 



DE FORTIBUS, Earl of 

 Albemarle. Gules a cross 

 faty vatr. 



* Local and Pers. Acts of Parl. 5*Geo. 

 Ill, cap. 40. 



4 Feet of F. Hants, Mich, 12 Edw. II. 



4 r.C.H. Hants, i, 451. 



' Pipe R. (Pipe R. Soc.), xi, 188. 



7 Banks, Dormant and Extinct Baronetage, 

 iii, 35. 



8 Testa de Nc+<ill (Rec. Com.), 232. 



9 Inq. p.m. 44 Hen. Ill, No. 26. The 



property ii described at the manor of 

 Wymering held of the king in chief, and 

 it included the township Hcthangavell. 

 All through the middle ages this manor 

 continued to be held of the king in 

 chief. 



M Cal.ofPat. 1272-81, .386. Possibly 

 Eleanor received other lands in the next 

 year in exchange for Wymering, for it is 



166 



stated in the Patent Rolls that the annual 

 value of the manor was 33 41. 8fi 



11 Ibid. 426. Ringwood was valued at 

 60, Wymering and Blandford at 40 

 and 7 91. ufad. respectively, and the 

 deficit was to be made up to John from 

 some of the king's lands elsewhere. 



" Cat. of Pat. 1281-92, p. 175. 



u Inq. p.m. 3 Edw. II, No. 53. 



