FAREHAM HUNDRED 



FAREHAM 



garden is mainly to the east, with a pretty garden 

 house. The approach to the court is through the 

 park from the Fareham road, by a gate and lodge in 

 Strawberry Hill Gothic. There are some very fine 

 trees in the park, and a thick belt of trees shuts off 

 the road on the north boundary. Cams Hall, a 

 large house on the east bank of the Cams, standing 

 back in a large park is now occupied by Captain Ram- 

 sey, J.P. The house was built in 1781 of materials 

 taken from Place House, Titchfield, and contains some 

 woodwork brought thence and now in the stables. 

 Blackbrook Grove, a large thatched house on the 

 Titchfield road, belongs to Mr. J. H. Harvey, and on 

 the opposite side is Blackbrook House, the residence 

 of Lady Parker. Uplands House, formerly owned by 

 Mr. Sidney Waterlow, and Wellington House, owned 

 by the War Department, are now empty. In 

 mediaeval times Fareham was a free port, and in 1346 

 the mayor of Southampton was pardoned for having 

 taken ' divers distresses under the name of customs to 

 the great damage of Fareham.' 8 It was famous too 

 as a wine port in the fourteenth century, while in the 

 sixteenth and seventeenth centuries it was largely used 

 as a shipping port for timber, especially that supplied 

 from Titchfield Park, though subject to some com- 

 petition from Warsash, the charge for wood bought at 

 Titchfield being 3 8/. the load if shipped from Warsash 

 and 4cv. from Fareham. 9 In 1637 Robert Rigge, 

 ' undertaker on the part of the county of Hants ' for 

 the carriage of 1,000 loads of timber to the waterside 

 of Fareham at 3*. 4</. per load, was accused of having 

 detained from the carters \d. on every load. He was 

 also charged with not repairing the bridge at Fareham 

 Quay ' which he is bound to do taking quayage.' I0 At 

 this time the charge for timber conveyed from Titch- 

 field Park to Fareham Quay was 5</. per mile." In 

 1636 a sum of $o was levied on the parish of Fare- 

 ham for ship-money, while two years later ' the good 

 men of Fareham ' were asked to supply the king with a 

 ship of 400 tons, with 1 60 men, to be ready at 

 Portsmouth within four months. 11 To-day a few 

 fishermen find occupation round the Cams but the 

 shipping is quite unimportant, the chief article im- 

 ported being coal. Brick-making, which has been 

 carried on in Fareham for at least two and a half 

 centuries, 13 is still a flourishing industry ' Fareham 

 Reds' being well-known throughout the south of 

 England. There is also a large lanyard. Agriculture 

 is in a good condition, there being no unoccupied land 

 in the parish. The soil is loam on chalk in some 

 parts ; gravel on chalk in others, while in the north 

 there is a good deal of loose flint. The corn crops 

 are good. Sheep -rearing, once an important industry 

 at Fareham, has died out. A weekly cattle market is 

 held, but the annual fair, formerly of great importance, 

 was abolished in 1871." 



Among other names there are : Witelcroft, 15 

 Christonman's Land, Bletchinors, Brookfurlong, 

 Clapgate, Grubbwood, Gunnersclose, Brithfrithheath, 

 Toppett, Horgaston, 16 and Broadcroft." 



Fareham was a mesne borough 

 BOROUGH owned by the bishops of Winchester, 18 

 and, except for a short period in the 

 seventeenth century, always retained by them. 19 In 

 1648, after the ordinance for the sale of bishops' lands 

 the borough, including rents, fairs, markets, courts, 

 &c., of the yearly value of 4 i^s. %J., was bought 

 by Peter Wilkins for 909 i^.s. 8J., K but it was 

 probably restored to the see of Winchester with the 

 other episcopal estates at the Restoration. There is 

 no evidence to show when the borough originated, 

 and the first definite proof of its existence is to be 

 found in 1261 when Elias of Rochester obtained a 

 grant under letters patent of a burgage, and a stall in 

 the borough of Fareham, which was in the king's 

 hands by reason of the vacancy of the see of 

 Winchester." 



In the reign of Edward I two members were 

 returned to the Parliament of 1306," and this is the 

 only occasion that Fareham was represented in 

 Parliament. The first record of a borough court is 

 in 1337, and from that date the courts were held 

 almost continuously until 1729, but it is possible that 

 during the next century the privileges of the bur- 

 gesses were allowed to lapse, as Fareham is omitted 

 from the Hampshire boroughs in the Report of 1835. 

 The town was governed by a bailiff, who was elected 

 in the borough court ; the accounts were always 

 noted separately from those of the manor, and a 

 detailed account is given of the proceeds of the court, 

 the assize rent being 64;. The Public Health Act 

 was adopted in Fareham in 1849, ant ^ t ^ le govern- 

 ment of the town vested in a Board of Health of 

 nine members, but under the provisions of the Local 

 Government Act (1894) the Urban District Council 

 became the local authority. 



At the time of the Domesday Survey 

 MANORS Fareham was held by the bishop of Win- 

 chester, and it appears to have formed 

 part of the original endowment of the bishopric. 

 Though it actually contained 30 hides it had always 

 been assessed at 20 because 

 of its exposed position and its 

 liability to attacks from the 

 Danes. In King Edward's 

 time it was worth jl8, its 

 value after falling to 10 rose 

 to 1 6 before the date of the 

 Survey, when it was farmed 

 at 20 ; ' it cannot however 

 bear it.' 83 In 12 84 the king 

 granted all right and claim in 

 the manor of Fareham to John 

 bishop of Winchester and his 

 successors." Land in the 

 manor or rents from the 



manor were granted to various tenants from time 

 to time.* 5 In 1455 John archbishop of York 

 was granted rents from the manor of Fareham,' 6 

 while about 1541 Sir Thomas Wriothesley, who 



Sri or WINCHESTIK. 

 Gules St. Peter's keys 

 crossed with St. Paul's 

 stvord. 



8 Cal. of Pat. 1377-81, p. 81 ; ibid. 

 '345-8, pp. 163, 167. 



9 Cal.ofS.P. Dam. 1668-9, P- *8. 



10 Ibid. 1637, p. 298. 



11 Ibid. p. 426. 



12 Ibid. 1638-9, p. 88. 



18 Eccl. Com. Ct. R. bdle. 102, No. 2. 



14 Land. Gaz. 12 Sept. 1871. 



15 Cal. of Pat. 1348-50, p. no. 



16 Eccl. Papers, var. 



17 Mins. Accts. Exch. Dep. Mich. 

 5 Will, and Mary, No. 10. 



18 In 1284 the king agreed to give up 

 to the bishop any right he possessed in 

 the borough; Cal. of Chart. R. 1257-1300, 

 p. 274. 



19 Eccl. Com. Ct. R. bdle. 80, No. 7 

 et seq. 



211 



80 Add. MS. 9049, fol. 9 ; Close. 

 24 Chas. I, pt. 6, m. 41. 



81 Pat. 46 Hen. Ill, m. 10. 



Parl. Writs (Rec. Com.), i, 57. 

 *> V.C.H. Hants, i, 462*. 

 44 Cal. of Chart. R. 1257-1300, p. 274. 

 85 Anct. D. (P.R.O.), A. 8938, 8682, 



8676. 



26 Close, 14 Hen. VI, m. 18. 



