A HISTORY OF HAMPSHIRE 



chalk. The chief crops are wheat, barley, oats, and 

 turnips. 



Twyford Common was inclosed on the 1 3 December, 

 1855.' 



The following place-names occur: in 1523, 'Jevones- 

 land, Godwynscroft, Germaynelond, and Modyes," 

 and in I 540, ' Blaklond, Medelond, Lokesbridge, and 

 Coledown Heath." 



There are certain stones at Twyford lying close to 

 the River Itchen to the south of the church supposed, 

 but with little probability, to be druidical remains. 



About a mile to the east of Brambridge Park lies the 

 village of Golden Common, which was formed into a 

 separate ecclesiastical parish in 1843, with 1,6 1 8 

 acres formerly belonging to the parishes of Twyford 

 and Owslebury. The church of the Holy Trinity 

 stands on the borders of the two parishes, and was 

 only erected in 1844. There is a Bible Christian 

 chapel in the parish built in 1 866. 



The chief industry carried on in the village is brick- 

 making. 



As early as 964 King Edgar granted 

 MANORS land in Twyford to Winchester Cathe- 

 dral.' At the time of the Domesday 

 Survey the bishop himself held Twyford in demesne 

 as he had always held it ; it was assessed at the time 

 of Edward the Confessor at twenty hides, but in 

 1086 at only fifteen hides : there were four mills 

 in Twyford worth 4." In 1284 the king surrendered 

 to John, bishop of Winchester, and his successors, all his 

 right in the manor of Twyford, 7 and it continued 

 to belong to the see of Winchester until the middle 

 of the sixteenth century, 8 the bishops making grants 

 of the manor or of land in it from time to time. 



When John Poynet was made bishop of Win- 

 chester in 1551, he surrendered the manor of 

 Twyford to the crown in exchange for other lands 

 (vide Marwell manor), and it was at once granted 

 by Edward VI to his uncle, Sir Henry Seymour." 



From this time until 1857 the descent of the 

 manor of Twyford is the same as that of Marwell 

 in Owslebury parish (q.v.) In 1857 the manor with 

 land in Owslebury was sold to Mr. Humphrey 

 Francis St. John Mildmay, from whom it passed to 

 Mr. Francis B. St. John Mildmay, M.P. for the 

 Totnes division of Devon, the present lord of the 

 manor. 10 



In the grant of the manor to Sir Henry Seymour 

 in 1551 the bishop's warren of Long Wood, in the 

 bailiwick of Twyford, was excepted. In 1 5 5 2-3 John 

 Williams, who appears to have been granted the 

 remainder of the non-expired lease of the land held 

 by the late earl of Southampton, complained that Sir 

 Henry Seymour had entered a part of his warren, 

 called Harley in Twyford, and carried off his 'erthes.' 

 In 1605 Thomas, bishop of Winchester, leased the 

 warren and lodge to William Brock for the lives of 

 Anne and Elizabeth, his wife and daughter respectively, 

 for a yearly rental of 9 6s. SJ." In 1648 this 

 warren was sold by the Commissioners for the Sale of 



Bishops' Lands to Thomas Hussey for 351 3/. 4</." 

 In the Ministers' Accounts for 1323 mention is made 

 of another park in Twyford called Suthnolnesmed, 

 the sale of the pasture from which produced 1 8/. 6d., 

 'as all the park was mown in that year.' 19;. "]\d. 

 was paid in wages to the park keeper at the rate of 

 I \d. per day." 



At the time of the Domesday Survey there were 

 four mills in Twyford parish ; M and for some time 

 there are entries in the Court Rolls for the farm of 

 four mills in Twyford, called ' Cumton Mill," Schalde- 

 ford Mill, Brambridge Mill, and North Twyford 

 Mill." 4 



In 1323 2O/. and five eels were paid for the farm 

 of the mill of Brambridge ; 6s. %d. for the farm of 

 the mill of Compton that Robert de Shernecombe 

 held by charter of the lord Henry the bishop ; 

 1 3/. \d. and two quarters of barley were received 

 from the issues of the mill of North Twyford ; the 

 custom of this mill being 8/., and the miller's portion 

 of the farm 8/. ; $s. was paid for twenty men for two 

 days to repair part of the mill which was broken by 

 the watercourse i.e., each man \\d. per day. From 

 Shaldeford Mill, 6s. 0>d. and two quarters ; three 

 bushels of barley were received from the issues of the 

 mill, price per quartern 6s. %d. ; the miller's portion 

 of the farm was 4*. Total received from all the 

 mills, i8/. 2f</. 16 



When Sir John Seymour died seised of Twyford 

 manor in 1618 he also possessed a mill called 

 ' Shalford ' Mill, 17 and in 1824 among the appurten- 

 ances of Twyford manor, which then belonged to 

 Dame Jane St. John Mildmay, was a corn-mill at 

 Shawford. 18 At the present day there is a water 

 corn-mill at Shawford, part of which is so old that 

 it is believed locally to have belonged to the original 

 mill mentioned in Domesday. 



Besides this mill the Seymours and the Mildmays 

 claimed free fishery and free warren in Twyford.' 9 



The following entries in the Ministers' Accounts 

 for the year 1323 are of interest. 1 8s. from men col- 

 lecting toll from the river ; 1 8 1 skins of lambs 

 received for customs ; received from theexcutorsof the 

 late lord bishop, according to custom, two cart-horses, 

 I o horses, 38 oxen, 295 sheep, 4 rams, 250 ewes and 

 181 lambs. Items of expenditure are : iron and 

 steel bought for five carts, and wages of smith who 

 repaired the same, izs.; binding same with iron, zd. ; 

 shoeing eleven horses, lew.; wages of carter, I SJ.; 

 wages of two keepers of horses, 4*. ; mending two 

 broken ploughs, zj. beyond agreement ; one quarter 

 of oats for provender for horses, 4/.; one quarter 

 of oats for forage for servants, 4*. ; one cloth for 

 dairy, 5 \d ; ewers and earthern pans, 3</. ; two bushels 

 of salt, 8</. ; wages of one keeper of lambs, 2/. 10 ; 

 perquisities of the court, 64 I js. At a court held 

 in 1526 those tenants who had lands on the water- 

 course of the river of the lord were requested to 

 clean out their parts before the next term under 

 penalty of \s. each. In 1540 it was presented that 



* Purl. Accts, andPafxrs, vol. 71, 485- 



5*3- 



8 Eccl. Com. Ct. R. 159510 (i), bdle. 

 84, No. 19. 



4 Ibid. 155967, bdle. 85, No. 3. 



5 Birch, Cart. Sax. iii, 412. 



6 V.C.H. Hants, i, 460. 



~> Chart. R. 12 Edw. I, m. 5. 



8 Abbrcv. Plac. (Rec. Com.), 276* ; 



Pope Nich. Tax. (Rec. Com.), 215 i 

 Feud. Aids, ii, 320 ; Abbrev. Rot. Orig. 

 (Rec. Com.), ii, 246. 



Pat. 5 Edw. VI, pt. 5, m. 29. 



10 Inform, from Col. Mildmay. 



11 Star. Cham. Proc. bdle. 1 1, No. 4. 



12 Close, 24 Chas. I, pt. 2, m. 23. 

 18 Mins. Accts. bdle. 142, No. I 3. 

 14 r.C.H. Hants, i, 460. 



340 



14 Eccl. Com. Ct. R. 159270, bdle. 22, 

 and 159280, bdle. 22. 



16 Mins. Accts. bdle. 1142, No. 13. 



W Chan. Inq. p.m. ifrChas. I, bdle. 59, 

 No. 39. 



18 Recov. R. Mil. 5 & 6 Geo. II, m. 1 1. 



" Notes of F. Hants, Mich, i Chas. I ; 

 Recov. R. Trin. 17 & 18 Geo. II, m. 303. 



20 Mins. Accts. bdle. 1142, No. 13. 



