A HISTORY OF SURREY 



Wyatt meanwhile had advanced to Southwark. Gardiner was the 

 head of the Government against which they had risen, and his house, 

 Winchester House in Southwark, was given over to pillage. Another 

 claimant to Gardiner's see and to Winchester House was with Wyatt. 

 This was Poynet, who had been translated from Rochester to Winchester 

 by a warrant under the privy seal when Gardiner had been deprived in 

 1551. The queen by her own act had restored Gardiner, and Poynet 

 no doubt hoped that the rebellion might result in a new act of the royal 

 supremacy in his favour. 1 He had now to look on while the library of 

 Winchester House was ransacked by Wyatt's followers, described by 

 Stowe as 'being gentlemen as they said.' They ate and drank the 

 bishop's victuals, and carried away even the locks of the doors. We do 

 not hear of Lambeth Palace being plundered, but it was still nominally 

 Cranmer's who was not deprived. From February 3 to 6 Southwark 

 and Lambeth were in the hands of the sufficiently disorderly rebels. 

 The drawbridge was up on London Bridge, and the guns of the Tower 

 threatened Southwark. Wyatt was learning the usual lesson, that Lon- 

 don was impregnable from the Surrey side. No sympathy incited the 

 Londoners to lower the drawbridge, as they had done to Tyler's rioters, 

 and on the 6th Wyatt marched to Kingston. He repaired the broken 

 bridge and went across, to fail hopelessly on the other side. Gardiner 

 resumed possession of his plundered house, but Rochester House seems 

 to have remained in possession of Thomas Copley, a recusant of the next 

 reign, who held it in 1562.* In 1556 Reginald Pole was installed at 

 Lambeth. The abbey at Sheen opened its doors to some of its old in- 

 mates in 1557. The queen was at Richmond in the summer of 1554 

 with her newly married husband. Earlier in the year her sister Eliza- 

 beth had come there on her way from the Tower to Woodstock, and 

 either feared or affected to fear that she might be murdered there. 



The persecution of Mary's reign did not specially affect Surrey. 

 Gardiner sat at St. Mary Overie to examine some of the more notable 

 clergy accused of heresy, and the memorials of their sufferings remain in 

 the painful earlier nineteenth century windows of the Lady Chapel there. 

 But they were not Surrey men in any sense. Three martyrs suffered in 

 the county, in St. George's Fields, Southwark, in May, 1557. Their 

 names were Stephen Gratwicke, William Morant and King. Gratwicke 

 was a Brighton man. The other two were evidently residents in the 

 diocese of Winchester, for they did not complain like Gratwicke that 

 they were not tried by their own ordinary. They were probably Surrey 

 men from the suburbs. White, Gardiner's successor in Winchester, sat 

 as judge of several martyrs in other dioceses, but found no one to punish 

 in his own, at least in Surrey. The strong religious opinions, generally 

 more akin to those of the sectaries of the ensuing reigns than to the 



1 The royal supremacy did not die with Edward. Mary reappointed John Voysey, who had 

 resigned, to Exeter, by sign manual warrant (Rymer, xx. 340). She appointed to the livings of East 

 Horsley and Newdigate in Surrey by letters patent (Rymer, xx. 342). 



8 Loseley MSS. November 25, 1562, vi. 137. 



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