RELATION OF PHYSIOLOGY TO MEDICINE. 97 



elsewhere, with results which ultimately become disas- 

 trous. When, however, there is a mixture of siliceous 

 dust with the ordinary dusts which stimulate transport, 

 the whole of the dust is carried out. 



Hence, as soon as we got some understanding of the 

 normal regulation of dust elimination, we could lay our 

 ringers on how this regulation breaks down in the case 

 of pure siliceous dust, and suggest a possible remedy. 

 If we had simply asked what the immediate effects of 

 dust inhalation are, we should have got nowhere ; for 

 the immediate effects seem to be much the same for all 

 kinds of dust, and if enough of dust is inhaled rapidly, 

 pathological results follow in all cases. The proverbial 

 black spit of the collier is in reality just as healthy a 

 sign as the increased breathing caused by muscular 

 exertion, or immunity produced by a vaccine. 



In connection with the phenomena of immunity, 

 pathology has not waited for physiology, but has gone 

 ahead on the right lines, and practically created a new 

 branch of physiology on the way. In many other direc- 

 tions, however, pathology seems to me to have been kept 

 back by the imperfect conceptions which hamper 

 physiology and anatomy ; and this is still more strikingly 

 true of pharmacology. The truth is that anatomy, 

 physiology, pathology, and pharmacology are all branches 

 of the one science of biology, with no definite dividing 

 line between them ; and all should be definitely and 

 explicitly based on the distinctively biological conception 

 of organic regulation. This marks them off from other 

 preliminary subjects, such as mathematics, physics, and 

 chemistry. 



No doubt I shall be reproached for trying to reintro- 



7 



