DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE. 385 



it has currently been applied, and the name Ti'losma {rffXe, far, and dduy), odor) is 



here i^roposed, the type species being T. udarutimnia as above cited. — Frederick V. 



Coville. 



Tephrosia mariana. Same as Cracca mariana. 



Terminalia catappa. Indian almond. Malabar almond. 



Family Combretaceae. 



Local name-s. — Talisai (Guam); Talisai, Dali.sai (Philippines); Talie (Samoa); 



Kaorika, Kauarika (Karotonga); Tavola (Fiji); Kamani (Hawaii); Almendro 



(Spanish America); Badamier (French); Saori (Solomon Islands); Tipop, 



Ti]iapop (Ponape, Caroline Islands). 



A handsome deciduous tree with branches in horizontal whorls, large leaves, 



which usually turn scarlet before falling, and an edible almond-like fruit. Leaves 



alternate, clustered toward the ends of the branches, short-petioled, obovate from a 



cordate but very narrow base, 15 to 20 cm. long, usually softly hairy when young, 



glabrous or hairy when adult, with 2 glandular depressions near the base of the 



midrib on the under side which are often obscure or wanting; petiole 6 to 19 mm. 



long; flowers small, spicate; spikes solitary, axillary, simple, gray or rusty tomen- 



tose, the upper flowers male, the lower hermaphrodite, the bracts minute at the 



base of each flower, soon deciduous; calyx tube produced above the ovary with a 



campanulate mouth, limb of 5 short valvate triangular lobes, deciduous; petals none; 



stamens 10 inserted on the calyx tube; epigynous disk within them densely hairy; 



ovary 1-celled, inferior; style long, simple; fruit 2.5 to 3.8 cm. long, ellipsoid, slightly 



compressed so as to show two ridges, finally glabrous. 



A very common tree in Guam, often growing near the shore, but also found inland. 

 The kernels of the fruit are of a fine almond-like consistency and flavor. The crows 

 {Corvus kubaryi) are very fond of them, and the natives eat them as delicacies either 

 fresh or candied. The bark and leaves are astringent and contain tannin. In India 

 they are mixed with iron salts to form a black pigment, with which the natives in 

 certain localities color their teeth and make ink. This species is an excellent shade 

 tree. It is of wide troj^ical distribution and is often planted for ornament and for 

 the sake of its nuts. It has been introduced into Hawaii and the natives have 

 applied to it the Polynesian name for Calophyllum inophyllum (kamanu, or kamani) 

 owing to the appearance of its foliage, which from a distance looks somewhat like 

 that of the latter species. It is easily propagated from the seed. 



The wood is hard and of a reddish color, the sapwood lighter colored than the 

 heartwood. In Guam it is used for troughs, carts, and posts, and if "daog" wood 

 (C(ilo})Inilliun l}i()])hyUum) can not be obtained it is used for making cart wheels, 

 though it is inferior to that species in toughness and durability. The Fijians and 

 Samoans make drums of the hollowed trunks. 



References: 



Terminalia catappa L. Mant. 1: 128. 1767. 



Thatch, plants. 



The principal materials used for thatching are the leaves of Cocos nucifera and 

 fringes of sword grass or neti {Xipheagrostis floridula) and of the leaflets of the nipa 

 jtalm ( Xypa friUicans). See p. 148. 



Theobroma cacao. Cacao. Chocolate tree. Plate lxvii. 



Family Sterculiaceae. 



Local names. — Cacao (Spanish); Kdkao (Guam). 

 The seeds of this plant are the "chocolate beans" or "chocolate nuts" of com- 

 merce. It is a small tree with a bare stem which generally rises to a height of about 2 

 meters before branching, and reaches a height of 5 or 6 meters. Sometimes, however, 

 under good conditions of moisture, soil, and situation it grows higher. The tree is 

 cauliflorous; that is, the flowers spring forth from the trunk and older branches. 



9773—05 25 



