L'4 



DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



SHOT-HOLE (Cylindrosporium padi). 



This attacks the leaves, forming first reddish-brown spots, often with a purplish 

 zone around them. In most cases the centres of these spots ultimately fall out, 

 giving a " shot-hole " effect. Spores are produced on the spots and spread the disease. 

 In severe attacks most of the leaf-tissue may be destroyed and the leaf itself falls 

 prematurely. This weakens the tree, and if severe attacks, occur two or three years 

 in succession the effects may be very serious. 



fig. 5. Shot-bole of cherry. Some of the attacked spots 

 have fallen out ; others are about to do so. 



Control. Spray with Bordeaux mixture. 2-2-40 or 2-3-40, after the fruit is set. 

 again immediately after it is picked, and three or four weeks later if required. 

 Owing to the sensitiveness of cherry-foliage to chemicals, stronger preparations are 

 not safe, as they may cause serious burning of the foliage. 



BLACK-KXOT (Ploicrightia morbosa). 



Wild choke-cherries in the Okanagan are much attacked by a fungus apparently 

 identical with the common black-knot of the East, but so far no case has been 

 recorded on the cultivated cherry or plum. 



CLOVER. 

 DODDERS (Cuscuta sp.). 



These are the only parasites of the clover-plant which it is necessary to mention 

 here. There are several species attacking clovers and alfalfa, but the only 

 observed here, as yet- have been on clover, and so far as actually examined by the 

 writer are due to C. epithtnnutn. Other species of dodder are occasionally reported 

 on various garden-plants, but are not likely to become troublesome. 



Dodders are flowering plants related to the morning : glory or bindweed, and have 

 the same twining habit. They do not, however, contain the green colouring-matter 

 (chlorophyll) so characteristic of higher plants, and cannot therefore, elaborate 

 their own food-supply from the simple raw materials of the air and soil. The leaves 

 have become reduced to mere scales on the stem, while the only roots produced are 

 the small "sucking-roots" (haustoria) which are given off from the dodder-stem at 

 the points where it is in close contact with the stem of the plant to which it clings. 

 These haustoria penetrate into the tissues of the host-plant and absorb its juices, on 



