DISEASES AND PESTS OF PLANTS. 67 



j 



Boil the quassia-chips in 1 gallon of water for an hour. Dissolve the soap in 

 hot water. Strain and mix hoth solutions together and dilute with water to make 

 121/2 gallons of mixture. 



FUNGICIDAL SPRAYS. 



(1.) Limc-xulitlitir. This spray, both for summer and winter spraying, is becom- 

 ing very popular. It is an efficient fungicide, and also is useful in the control of 

 many insect pests. It can be manufactured by the grower without infringement on 

 any patent, but it is found at present prices of manufacture to be more economical 

 to buy the commercial mixture. Most brands on the market have been giving good 

 satisfaction, among which are some manufactured in our own Province. It is a good 

 plan to have on hand a hydrometer (specific gravity and Beaume scale attached) 

 to test the commercial mixture before using. The reading as given by the hydro- 

 meter is not always a sure indication of the strength of the commercial mixture, as 

 something might l>e added which would raise the hydrometer test without increasing 

 the fungicidal strength of the spray. With most commercial mixtures it can be used 

 to advantage. 



Dilution*. The following is a table showing dilutions of different strengths of 

 commercial lime-sulphur. This shows the dilutions which are giving the best results. 



TABLE FOR DILUTING CONCENTRATED LIME-SULPHUR SOLUTIONS. 



Reading Hydrometer AMOUNT OF DILUTION. 



on Degrees Specific Number of gallons of water to one gallon of lime-sulphur 



Beaume. Gravity. solution. For dormant spray. 



:!t; 1.310 1 gallon lime-sulphur 9.3 gallons water. 



3") 1.21M) 1 gallon lime-sulphur 0.0 gallons water. 



34 1.2XX 1 gallon lime-sulphur S.(> gallons water. 



33 1.2XS 1 gallon lime-sulphur x.2 gallons water 



32 1.2(>7 1 gallon lime-sulphur ".! gallons water. 



31 1.25(5 1 gallon lime-sulphur 7.5 gallons water. 



30 1.24(5 1 g:illon lime-sulphur 7.2 gallons water. 



20 1.231! 1 gallon lime-sulphur (J.I) gallons water. 



2s 1.22J 1 gallon lime-sulphur G.;~> gallons water. 



27 1.21(5 1 gallon lime-sulphur 0.2 gallons water. 



2(! 1.200 1 gallon lime-sulphur 5.1) gallons water. 



1.041 1 gallon lime-sulphur 0.4 gallon water. 



."> 1.034 1 gallon lime-sulphur 0.1 gallon water. 



Some growers think it better to add some lime. This is not necessary, as it does 

 not strengthen the spray, but i:i some cases it is supposed to have the opposite effect. 

 When it is added, it is advisable to use the spray within a few hours after mixing 

 or it will deteriorate. 



For sprays following the dormant spray the following dilutions are recom- 

 mended: Lime-sulphur, spring strength, for apples and pears; dilute the commercial 

 preparation. 1 gallon to 30 of water. Lime-sulphur, summer strength, for apples and 

 pears; dilute the commercial preparation, 1 gallon to 40 of water, and for plums, 

 cherries, etc.. dilute the commercial i reparation, 1 gallon to GO or 65 of water. As 

 the use of lime-sulphur sprays on plums and cherries during the growing season is 

 still in the experimental stage, a few trees should be tried first to see the effect. 



In storing commercial lime-sulphur, it should be kept in a tight container, as it 

 deteriorates when exposed to the air for some time. 



Hclf-ltoilcd Lhnc-xulijhur. For the summer spraying of peaches, apricots, and 

 plums for i>each-scab, peach-mildew, apricot-scab, and brown-rot of plums this mix- 

 ture is to be recommended. It may be prepared as follows: 



Fresh stone-lime 8 lb. 



Sulphur (flour, or flowers) 8 lb. 



Water . 40 gals. 



