yo ESTATE MANAGEMENT 



a kind of central depot where he keeps in stock all kinds of 

 modern implements and a small experimental farm. The man 

 in charge of this depot should be instructed to admit the 

 tenants freely and to give them all the information and 

 instruction he can. I am inclined to think that one way of 

 gaining the tenants' confidence is to provide them with hand 

 machines for doing much of the laborious work carried on 

 iu the villages, such as a small hand-grinding mill for making 

 attd, and chaff-cutting machines for chopping 6/tusa, and 

 steelrolling-inills for sugarcane. If the tenants cannot 

 purchase these machines, they should be lent to them on 

 hire. They will certainly prove popular, and may pave the 

 way for the specifically agricultural improvements. 



There is no time for me to mention all the other im- 

 provements which the landlord may usefully introduce ; but 

 1 must refer to the great importance of improving the breed 

 of cattle both for draft purposes and for milking. A good 

 supply of milk is a most urgent necessity in the villages, 

 and the development of a business of supplying pure ghee is, 

 likely to be very profitable. For this purpose, the landlord 

 may encourage the laying down of pasture with artificial 

 grasses, and the cultivation of fodder crops. He should also 

 construct silo-pits in the villages and see to the filling of 

 these silos with the chopped fodder under the superintendence 

 of a trained man in his own employment. 

 Managing Staff 



The present practice of zamindari management in India 

 amounts to nothing more than an organization for collecting 

 rents and for keeping the tenants in order, preventing 

 encroachments, and securing the landlord'? rights. The 

 landlord employs an agent (or karinda) and he is assisted by 

 one or two clerks (munshis). Under his control are a number 

 of subordinates known as zilladars, each having charge of 

 one village, in which he usually resides. On large estates 



