GENERAL PART OF EXAMINATION. 41 



liearing, moving the ears in a lively manner to take the place 

 of^ the lost sense of sight, at the same time holding the head 

 still. This may cause us at first sight to suspect that the 

 animal is suffering from a brain disease. Old horses are not 

 so sensitive to outside impressions as colts. Some colts, how- 

 ever, are little observing of their surroundings, appearing dull, 

 stupid and lazy, without suffering from disease. Great fatigue 

 produces temporary physical and mental depression also tem- 

 porary loss of appetite in phlegmatic individuals. 



Febrile diseases affect the temperament, making the 

 animal affected sluggish in its movements. In animals of fiery 

 temperament this is not so noticeable. 



In animals suffering from severe, serious diseases, the 

 temperament can become so changed that vices, such as crib- 

 ^bing, biting, kicking, etc., are no longer indulged in. The 

 countenance appears blank, expressionless, staring, eyes 

 sunken, locomotion slow and unsteady. A few hours before 

 the fatal termination of a disease, the normal tonus of the 

 tissues is lost, the muscles relax, especially those of the face, 

 forming the so-called Hippocratic countenance (fades Hip- 

 pocratica), one of the symptoms of approaching death. 



Diseases Which Are Characterized Particularly by Change 

 in Habitus. 



Colic is a complex of symptoms in the horse characterized 

 by abdominal pain and suppressed peristalsis. It is due to some 

 affection of the stomach or bowels. For the symptoms in regard 

 to manner in which pain is shown, see page 33. Further S5'mp- 

 toms are sweating, congested, "muddy" conjunctiva, accelerated 

 pulse, dyspnea, anorexia, suppressed peristalsis, obstipation. The 

 cause which lies at the bottom of these clinical phenomena can 

 be determined only by careful examination of the abdomen. (See 

 this.) 



Azoturia is an acute auto-intoxication in the horse character- 

 ized principally by a peculiar severe parenchymatous inflammation 

 and paralysis of the muscles and complicated by hemoglobinemia 

 and acute nephritis. It appears suddenly under symptoms of par- 



