GENERAL PART OF EXAMINATION. 45 



2. In severe dyspnea, where it is compensatorv. assist- 

 ing the lungs to throw off effete matter; stenosis of the 

 anterior respiratory passages, diffuse pneumonias, pulmonary 

 emphysemas, and organic heart diseases. 



3. In painful maladies : founder, colic, enteritis. 



4. In diseases painfully affecting the muscles: tetanus, 

 epilepsy, azoturia, cerebro-spinal meningitis. 



Normally, perspiration is accompanied by a hyperemia of 

 the whole skin. If this congestion is absent,' the sweat being 

 excreted upon a cold skin surface, "cold szvcat" is spoken of, 

 a condition to be judged unfavorably from a prognostic stand- 

 point. 



Local sweating (hypcridrosis local is), or sweat 

 appearing on only one side of the body {hcmidrosis) is seen 

 at times to accompany diseases of the nervous system. 



A decrease in sweat secretion (hyphidrosis) 

 can be so well developed that the skin feels dry (anidrosis). 

 This condition can best be appreciated on the muzzle of the 

 ox, the snout of the hog, or the nose-tip of the dog. These 

 parts in healthy animals are moist and nearly cold. During 

 high fever, severe diarrhea, diabetes insipidus (polyuria), 

 hyphidrosis Is a common attending symptom. In severe dis- 

 eases where life is threatened, the nose feels cold and dry. 



III. Color of the skin. The hair and pigment prevent 

 us from seeing that color of the skin which is caused by the 

 blood and other physiological fluids flowing through it. With 

 the exception of the horse, nearly all white-coated animals 

 have non-pigmented skins. [Horses having white or grey 

 hair coats show pigmented skins, the white-born (albino) 

 horses forming an exception. The parts of the skin which 

 show white markings (legs, forehead) are as a rule not 

 colored]. 



Chronic discharges from natural openings (the eye. nose, 

 vulva) cause a loss of pigment from the portions of 

 the skin over which thev flow. 



