64 CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS. 



contagious pleuropneumonia, swine plague 

 or hog cholera, Texas fever]. 



I. The Normal Temperature. The normal tempera- 

 tures of the different animals are as follows : 



Horse . .37.5— 38.5° C. [ 99.5— 101.3° F.] 

 Ox ....38.0—39.0°" [100.4— 102.-?° ■• ] 

 Sheep ..39.0^0.5° " [102.2—104.9° "] 

 Goat ...39.0 — 10.5° " [102.2—104.9° "] 

 Hog ...38.0 — 10.0° " [100.4—104.0° "] 

 Dog ...37.5—39.0° " [ 99.5—102.2° "] 

 Fowls ..41.5—42.5° " [100.7—108.5° "] 

 The temperature will vary a few tenths of a degree in 

 the same species, and slight variations may occur in one and 

 the same animal w^ithin a single day. This latter variation 

 may amount to 1° C. [1.8° F.]. 



In healthy but pregnant cows the temperature may vary 

 1.5° C. [2.7° F.] ; a temperature elevation, therefore, of 

 39.9° C. [103.8° F.] would not necessarily mean fever in 

 these animals. 



When the organs (muscles, glands) are active a slight 

 rise in temperature takes place, when at rest a slight sinking 

 follows. 



From long continued exercise at a rapid gait the tem- 

 perature of a horse may rise 2.5° C. [4.5° F.]. Two hours 

 may elapse before it reaches normal again. 



Fligh atmospheric temperatures or warm stables, inas- 

 much as they reduce radiation, tend to increase the tempera- 

 ture. As a rule the temperature is lower in the morning than 

 toward evening. 



Age. race, sex, temperament and when eating have but 

 little influence on bodily temperature. During the hot sea- 

 son of the year, in cattle kept in stables the temperature may 

 rise 1.0° C, for a short time. 



As a rule the bodily temperature is lowest in the morn- 

 ing and in the afternoon at about five o'clock highest. 



