132 CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS. 



can be diagnosed by physical examination. Symptoms will vary 

 with organ affected. Very often general emaciation. 



1. Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Respirations often unchanged. 

 Sometimes mucopurulent nasal discharge, especially after cough- 

 ing. Cough regularly present. It is at first vigorous, but later 

 becomes weak and not infrequently in paroxysms. Coughing may 

 be induced by trotting the patient or by temporarily closing the 

 nostrils, if it does not occur spontaneously. Percussion rarely 

 reveals much. Auscultation more valuable, especially after exer- 

 cise: vesicular murmur exaggerated, rough; rales and vague 

 sounds. Great tubercular enlargement of the mediastinal lymph 

 glands induces chronic bloating. 



2. Udder Tuberculosis. Begins in one or more quarters in 

 the form of circumscribed, firm inflammatory centers which con- 

 tinue growing larger. After milking more noticeable. The supra- 

 mammary lymph glands are enlarged and often nodular. 



3. Uterine and Vaginal Tuberculosis. Frequent periods of 

 heat; animal does not conceive; vulva asymmetrical or sunken. Fre- 

 quently mucopurulent nasal discharge. On mucous membrane 

 small nodules and ulcers size of a pin head. Orificium uteri rarely 

 closed. Uterus enlarged diffusely or in form of nodes. Fallopian 

 tubes may be felt as tortuous, firm strands with nodules along 

 their course. 



4. Brain Tuberculosis. Disturbance in movements and hold- 

 ing of head. Twitchings and spasms. Often lie on one side, 

 unable to arise. Symptoins may occasionally be acute. 



Strangles. Coryza contagiosa is an infectious catarrh of the 

 mucous membranes of the upper respiratory passages with sec- 

 ondary, purulent inflammation of their corresponding lymph 

 glands. Begins with fever of intermittent character. Pulse at 

 first little increased but may reach 80. Nasal discharge serous, 

 mucous or purulent, usually bilateral and profuse. In 3 or 4 

 days at latest inflammatory swelling of the submaxillary lymph 

 glands, which in 4 to 8 days later have abscesses formed in them. 

 Pharyngitis frequently concomitant. Dysphagia, abscess forma- 

 tion in the subparotid and retropharyngeal lymph glands. If 

 larynx is involved: cough, loud inspiratory noises. In old horses 

 disease often limited to the pharynx. 



Glanders, malleus, is a contagious disease of solidungula, 

 caused by the Bacillus mallei, characterized by the formation of 

 nodules and abscesses in the respiratory mucous membrane and 

 skin. On the nasal mucous membrane we find gray nodules as 

 large as millet seeds, transparent and surrounded by a red zone. 

 The nodules become yellow, degenerate, form ulcers with raised 

 and jagged borders and lardaceous bottom. Nasal discharge slight,, 

 frequently unilateral, varyingly sticky, slimy, purulent, occasionally 

 discolored and bloody. Intermaxillary lymphatic glands en- 

 larged, knotty, firm, adhering to bone or skin. In skin and sub- 

 cutis rather flat, painful, hot nodules varying in size up to that 

 of a hen's egg, these break, discharge discolored pus and become 



