166 CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS. 



hind leg which is also extended back. Sacral region depressed. 

 Palpation per rectum reveals presence, at anterior border of ileum, 

 of painful doughy swelling, held in place by vestige of spermatic 

 cord. 



Licking disease of cattle and wool eating of sheep are pecu- 

 liar chronic affections; afflicted animals have a habit of licking, 

 nibbling, or even swallowing objects of a various nature, including 

 indigestible and often loathsome and disgusting substances. At 

 the same time there is loss of appetite and emaciation. 



d. G a s t r o - I n t c s t i n a 1 Diseases of the Dog. 



Acute Gastric Catarrh. Frequently febrile. Usually begins 

 with vomiting of food masses, followed by vomiting of mucus. 

 Loss of appetite, increased thirst, depression, evacuation of bow- 

 els retarded, sj-mptoms of pain upon pressure over the region of 

 the stomach. 



Acute Intestinal Catarrh. Usually febrile and attended with 

 diarrhea; feces of bad odor and frequently fermenting. Icterus 

 and bile pigments in urine common symptoms. 



Constipation. Cause, as a rule, in the rectum. Defecation 

 retarded, animals make frequent unsuccessful attempts, tail 

 elevated. Abdomen frequently bloated; palpation reveals impac- 

 tion of rectum, painful upon pressure. Digital exploration reveal- 

 ing presence of hard fecal masses. 



Foreign Bodies in the Intestines. Frequently situated anterior 

 to the ileo-cecal valve. Vomiting, complete loss of appetite, ab- 

 sence of fever. Object can usuallj- be located bj^ carefiil palpation 

 of pelvic region. Caution: Do not confuse with kidneys, especially 

 in cat. 



e. Diseases of the Peritoneum. 



Acute Peritonitis. L^sually secondary, following rupture or 

 perforation of intestine, perforation of abscesses or extension of 

 inflammation of adjacent organs; symptoms therefore not charac- 

 teristic. Symptoms of colic, stiff gait, looking at the flank, groan- 

 ing. Marked depression, staring^ look, moderate to high fever. Mu- 

 cous membranes reddened. Pulse, rapid, small, soft. Respiration 

 short, superficial, frequent. No appetite for food or water, ab- 

 dominal muscles contracted, painful; peristalsis suspended, some- 

 times diarrhea as death approaches. Defecation and urination 

 retarded, painful. Death often following after a few hours. 



Chronic Peritonitis. In horses, SA-mptoms of colic and fever, 

 irregular appetite and emaciation. In cattle and dogs colic symp- 

 toms absent, but pain upon palpation, presence of exudates. 



Traumatic Inflammation of Stomach and Diaphragm in Cattle. 

 Indigestion of sudden appearance without apparent cause. Ani- 

 mals show disinclination to lie down, stand in stiff position, are 

 very careful when rising and don't stretch. Expression of eyes 

 indicating pain. Surface temperature irregularly distributed, bod- 



