186 



CLINICAL DLXGNOSTICS. 



e. Triple phosphate of ammonia and magnesia PO^ 



MgNH^ crystallizes in coffin-lid forms, dissolves in acetic 

 acid without giving off gas. Does not occur normally in 

 freshly voided urine, but always forms when urine is exposed 

 to the air for some time {fermentation). If found in fresh 

 urine it indicates that ammoniacal fermentation has taken 

 place in the bladder, cystitis, pyelitis. 



f. Sulphate of lime, gypsum, occurs occasionally and 

 in small quantity in the form of columnar prisms or plates 

 in acid urine. It is abundant after internal administration of 

 sulphates (Glauber salts). Of no importance. 



B. Organized Elements of Urine. 



In the diagnosis of diseases of the urinary organs these 

 are of the greatest importance. The addition of Lugol's So- 



Fig. 47. 



Sulphate of Lime. 



lution to the sediment is an aid in recognizing the cellular 

 elements under the microscope. 



g. Epithelial cells in small number are found in 

 normal urine, occasionally we find two or three pavement 

 epithelial cells in one cover glass preparation. On the other 

 hand the finding of epithelial cells from the uriniferoiT^ tul)- 



