MUSCLES OF MASTICATION — HYOID MUSCLES 



297 



MUSCLES OF MASTICATION 



The masseter is not so large as in the horse; a considerable part of it arises 

 on the facial tubcrositj^ and is directed obliquely backward and downward, so that 

 it would draw the lower jaw forward as well as upward. 



Tile temporaUs conforms to the temporal fossa, and is therefore longer and 

 entirely lateral in jMjsition. 



The pterygoidei are not quite clearly separated; their direction is more 

 oblique, and the origin of the pterygoideus intcrnus is nearer the median plane 

 than in the horse. 



Fig. 208. — Musclkr of He.\d of Ox, Dorsal Vikw. 

 a, a'. Levator labii superiori.s proprius; b, levator nasolabialis; /, dilatator naris lateralis; g' , malaris; o, zygo- 

 matico-auricularis and scutulo-auricularis superficialis inferior; "", tcutulo-auricularis superficialis superior; o'", 

 scutulo-auricularis superficialis accessorius; p, scutularis; ;/, frontalis; z, orbicularis oculi; 1, concave surface of 

 concha; 3, 2, anterior and posterior borders of concha; S, scutiform cartilage; 34, parietal cartilage; 39, facial 

 vein; 49, muzzle; 6S. internal paljiebral ligament, (.\fter Ellenberger-Baum, Anat. fiir Kiinstler.) 



The stylo-mandibularis is absent. 



The digastricus has a tendinous origin on the paramastoid or styloid process 

 of the occipital bone; its bellies are short and thick. It does not perforate the 

 stylo-hyoideus. The two digastrici are connected beneath the root of the tongue 

 by a layer of transverse muscle-fibers (Transversus mandibulse). 



HYOID MUSCLES 

 The mylo-hyoideus is thicker and more extensive than in the horse. 

 The stylo-hyoideus has a long thin tendinous origin and is not perforated by 

 the digastricus. 



