THE LARGE INTESTINE — THE C^CUM 



363 



2. The duodenal glands (Glandulae duodenales Brunneri) are found in the 

 first twent}- feet (ca. 6 meters) of the bowel. They are racemose glands, and are 

 situated in the submucosa, so that their ducts perforate the muscularis mucosa? and 

 the mucous membrane. 



3. The lymph follicles (Xoduli lymphatici) are found either scattered or in 

 groups. In the former case they are termed solitary glands (Noduli Ij-mphatici 

 solitarii), in the latter Peyer's patches (Noduli lymphatici aggregati). The 

 solitary glands are about the size of a millet-seed or a small sago grain. Peyer's 

 patches are situated chiefly along the surface opposite to the mesenteric attachment 

 and begin about three or four feet from the pylorus. They number one to two 

 hundred, and are usually one to two inches (2 to 5 cm.) long and a quarter of an 

 inch to one-half inch (ca. 2 to 14 mm.) wide. Larger ones occur in the terminal 

 part, where one patch may have a length of seven to fifteen inches (ca. 17 to 38 

 cm.) and a width of half an inch to one inch (ca. 5 to 25 mm.) in young horses 

 (Ellenberger). They undergo atroph}- in old subjects. 



Fio. L'fif). — Pf'.YF.R's Patches op Small Intestine of Horse. 



Vessels and Nerves. — The arteries of the small intestine come from the 

 coeliac and anterior mesenteric arteries. The veins go to the portal vein. The 

 lymph-vessels are numerous and go to the mesenteric lymph glands. The nerves 

 are derived from the vagus and sympathetic through the solar plexus. 



THE LARGE INTESTINE 



The large intestine (Intestinum crassum) extends from the termination of the 

 ileum to the anus. It is about twenty-five feet (ca. 7.5 to 8 m.) in length. It 

 differs from the small intestine in its greater size, in being sacculated, for the most 

 part, possessing longitudinal bands, and having a more fixed position. It is divided 

 into csecum, great colon, small colon, and rectum. 



The Caecum 

 The caecum (Intestinum csecum) is a great cul-de-sac intercalated between the 

 small intestine and the colon. It has a remarkable size, shape, and position in the 

 horse. Its length is three to four feet (ca. 1 to 1.25 m.), and its capacity about 



