THE TONGUE 



385 



developed than in the horse. The fibrous aponeurosis is for the most part 

 replaced by muscular tissue. 



The isthmus faucium is wide and dilatable. On either side, behind the an- 

 terior pillar of the soft palate, is a deep depression, the sinus tonsillaris ; external 

 to this is the compact bean-shapetl tonsil, which is about one to one and a half 

 inches (ca. 3 to 4 cm.) in length. The tonsil does not project into the fauces, but 

 outward instead: hence it does not occupy the tonsillar sinus, and is not visible 

 internally, as is the case in most animals. 



(Esophagus 



Apices of arytenoids 

 Aditus laryngis 



Epiglottis 



Vallate papillae 



Fungiform papilla 



Apex 



Thyroid gland 



Wall of pharynx reflected 



Posterior pillar of soft 

 palate 



Soft palate cut and 

 reflected 



Tonsillar sinus 



Eminence of dorsum 



Fig. 283. — To.vgue of Ox, Dor8.\l Aspect 

 Pharynx, soft palate, and origin of cEsophagus are cut dorsally and reflected. 



THE TONGUE 



The tongue of the ox is often varial)ly pigmented. The root and body are 

 wider than that of the horse, luit the free part is more pointed. The posterior part 

 of the dorsum forms a remarkable elliptical prominence, which is sharply defined 

 in front. The filiform papillae in front of this prominence are large and horny, with 

 sharp points directed backward. They impart to the tongue its rasp-like roughness. 

 The papillae on the prominence are large, broad and horny; some have a blunt 

 conical form, others are rounded or flattened. Behind the prominence, the papillae 

 are long and soft, i. e., not horny. The fungiform papillae are numerous and dis- 

 tinct; they are scattered more generally over the dorsum and edges of the free 



