THE MOUTH 



411 



compactly arranged in two rows opposite the cheek teeth. The parotid duct 

 opens opposite the fourth or fifth cheek tooth. 



The hard palate is long and narrow; it is marked by a median furrow, on each 

 side of which are twenty or more ridges. On its anterior part there is a triangular 

 incisive papilla, at which the naso-palatine ducts open. 



The soft palate is very thick. Its direction almost continues that of the hard 

 palate, i. e., it is nearly horizontal. It extends to the middle of the oral surface 

 of the epiglottis.' It has a median prolongation termed the uvula. The oral 

 surface presents a median furrow, on either side of which is an oval raised area, 



Fig. 307. — Tomgue of Pig. 

 i, Apex; ;3, dorsum; 3, root; a, orifices of ducts of lingual glands; h, papillce of root; c, vallate papilla (not 

 really so distinct as in figure); d, foliate papilla; e, fungiform papilla"; /, epiglottis (pulled back); g, median 

 glosso-epiglottic fold. (EUenberger-Baum, Anat. d. Haustiere.) 



marked by numerous crypts; these elevations are the tonsils. Tonsillar tissue 

 also occurs in the lateral walls of the fauces. 



The tongue is long and narrow and the apex is thin. Two or three vallate 

 papillae are present. The fungiform papillse are small and are most numerous 

 laterally. The filiform papillse are soft and very small. On the root there are 

 soft, long, pointed papillse, directed backward. Foliate papillse are also present. 



There is a well-marked median glosso-epiglottic fold, on either side of which is 

 a depression (Vallecula epiglottica). The frenum linguae is double. 



The dental formula of the pig is : 



(3 1 4 3\ 

 I - C - P - M - I 

 3 14 3/ 



= 44 



1 The epiglottis in the pig seems to be constantly retrovelar. The pig frequently breathes 

 through the mouth, and this is no doubt possible only when the soft palate is raised; it seems 

 probable that it is also shortened. 



