GENITAL ORGANS OF THE BITCH 



523 



inches (ca. 12 to 15 cm.) long. The horns are of uniform diameter, are nearly 

 straight, and lie entirely within the abdomen. They diverge from the body in the 

 form of a V toward each kidney. Their posterior parts are united by the peri- 

 toneum. The neck is very short and is fused dorsally with the vagina. It has a 

 thick muscular coat. The mucous mem- 

 brane of the uterus has long uterine glands 

 and also short tubular crypts. 



The broad ligaments contain fat and 

 unstriped muscle. They are nuich longer in 

 the middle than at either end. The posterior 

 part is attached to the anterior part of the 

 vagina. The round ligaments are very long, 

 extending through the inguinal canals, and 

 traceable almost to thv vulva. 



The horns of the s'^ivid uterus present dihita- 

 tions or ampullae, wliieli eontiiin the fcetuses, and 

 are separated by eonstrictions. Tlie gravid uterus 

 lies on th(> ventral ahdoniinal wall, and toward the 

 end of gestation extends forward to the stomach 

 and liver. 



The vagina is relatively long. It is nar- 

 row anteriorly, and has no distinct fornix. 

 The muscular coat is thick and consists 

 chiefly of circular fibers. The mucous mem- 

 brane forms longitudinal folds. The canals 

 of Gartner are usually absent. 



The vulva has thick labia which form 

 a pointed inferior commissure. The mucous 

 lining is smooth. On either side of the ure- 

 thral orifice there is a small tlepression. The 

 glandulce vestibulares majores are absent, 

 but the smaller glands are present, and 

 their ducts open ventrally on either side 

 of a median ridge. The vestibular bulbs 

 are relatively large and join dorsally. The 

 clitoris has a small pointed glans, beneath 

 which is a diverticuliun. The corpus caver- 

 nosum is a little more than an inch (ca. 3 to 

 4 cm.) long in a subject of medium size, and 

 is infiltrated with fat. 



The mammary glands are usually ten in 

 number, and are arranged in two series extending from the posterior part of the 

 pectoral region to the inguinal region; they are, therefore, designated according to 

 location as pectoral, abdominal, and inguinal. The teats are short, and present 

 on their apices six to twelve small orifices of the excretory ducts. 



Fig. 418. — Genital Organs of Bitch. 

 Vulva, vagina, and uterus (in part) are slit 

 open, a, Ovarian bursa; 6, same opened to show 

 the right ovary, c;rf,rf, horns of uterus; e,e',bady 

 of uterus; /, neck of uterus; /', os uteri; g, vagina; 

 h, hymen; i, vulva; k, external urethral orifice; I, 

 urinary bladder; m, urethra; n, n, labia vulva-; o, 

 fossa elitoridis; p, clitoris. (After Eilenberger, in 

 Leisering's Atlas.) 



