606 THE VEINS 



veins with the brachial (Fig. 466). Their efferents include most of the lymph 

 vessels of the limb, which come directly or as efferents from the cubital glands. 

 They receive also lymph vessels from the thoracic wall. The efferents accompany 

 the brachial blood-vessels and end in the prepectoral glands and the thoracic and 

 right lymphatic ducts. 



2. The cubital lymph glands (Lg. cubitales), usually eight to ten in number, 

 form a discoid oval group at the inner side of the distal part of the shaft of the 

 humerus (Figs. 441, 446). They lie behind the biceps muscle on the brachial 

 vessels and median nerve and are covered by the deep fascia and the posterior 

 superficial pectoral muscle. They receive as afferents most of the vessels from the 

 limb below this point. Their efferents pass chiefly to the axillarj' glands, but in 

 part to the prescapular glands also. 



A number of superficial lymph vessels ascend with or near the subcutaneous 

 veins (cephalic and accessory cephalic) and join the prescapular and prepectoral 

 glands. Superficial vessels from the chest-wall and shoulder run across the latter 

 to the prescapular glands. The superficial lymphatics of the pectoral region form 

 a plexus which drains into the prepectoral and prescapular glands by a number of 

 vessels which accompany the cephalic vein. The deep Ij^mph vessels of the pec- 

 toral region run with the external thoracic vein to the axillary glands. 



THE LYMPH GLANDS AND VESSELS OF THE PELVIC LIMB 

 i. The precrural or subiliac lymph glands (Lg. subiliacse) are situated in the 

 fold of the groin on the anterior border of the tensor fasciae latse, about midway 

 between the point of the hip and the patella (Figs. 450, 451, 457). They lie on 

 the course of the posterior branch of the circumflex iliac artery, and number usuall}' 

 about a dozen. They receive superficial lymph vessels from the hip, thigh, and 

 flank. Their efferent vessels ascend with the posterior circumflex iliac vein, enter 

 the abdomen near the external angle of the ilium, and join the external iliac lymph 

 glands. 



2. The deep inguinal lymph glands (Lg. inguinales profunda) form a large 

 group situated in the upper part of the femoral canal between the pectineus and 

 sartorius muscles (Figs. 451, 457). They cover the femoral vessels and are related 

 superficially to the inguinal ligament. They receive nearly all of the lymph vessels 

 of the limb below them. Their efferent vessels ascend to the internal iliac glands. 



3. The popliteal lymph glands (Lg. poplitese), usually four to six in number, 

 lie behind the origin of the gastrocnemius and between the biceps femoris and semi- 

 tendinosus at the division of the posterior femoral artery into its primary branches 

 (Fig. 455). They receive the deep lym])h vessels of the distal part of the limb. 

 Their efferent vessels chiefly follow the course of the femoral vessels to the deep 

 inguinal glands, but one or two ascend in company with a vein along the great sciatic 

 nerve and may enter a gland at the lesser sciatic notch. From this a vessel ac- 

 companies the internal pudic vein and joins the internal iliac glands. 



Several superficial lymph vessels ascend with or near the internal metatarsal and saphenous 

 veins, enter the femoral canal, and end in the deep inguinal glands. 



The Fcetal Circulation 



The blood of the foetus is oxygenated, receives nutrient matter, and gives off 

 waste matter by close contiguity with the maternal blood in the placenta. The 

 chief differences in the blood-vascular system as compared with that which obtains 

 after birth are correlated with this interchange. 



The umbilical arteries, right and left, are large vessels which arise from the 



>l 



