638 



CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF THE DOG 



addition to the broncho-ocsophagcal, which arises close to or with the sixth inter- 

 costal and ramifies in the usual manner. 



The abdominal aorta, after giving off the external iliac arteries, continues 

 about half an inch to an inch (ca. 1 to 3 cm.) under the last lumbar vertebrae, gives 

 off the internal iliacs, and is continued by the middle sacral artery. This small 

 vessel runs backward under the sacrum and coccygeal vertebrae and gives off 

 branches in segmental fashion. 



The coeliac artery giv(>s off the he]oatic artery and forms a short gastro-splenic 

 trunk. The hepatic artery gives off several hepatic branches, and the ]-)yloric or 

 right gastric artery, which passes along the lesser curvature of the stomach, anasto- 

 moses with the (left) gastric artery, and is continued by the gastro-duodenal. This 



Fig. 491. — End Branches of Aorta and Radicles of Postf.rior Vena Cava of Dog. 

 a, Abdominal aorta; 6, posterior mesenteric artery; r, lumbar arteries; d, circumflex iliac artery; e, ex- 

 ternal iliac artery; /, deep femoral artery; g, posterior abdominal artery; h, external pudic artery; a. femoral 

 artery; /, i, internal iliac arteries; k. visceral branch of ?'; /, parietal branch of /; /?(, ilio-lumbar artery; n, anterior 

 gluteal artery; o, lateral coccygeal artery; p, posterior gluteal artery; q, umbilical artery; r, middle hfpmor- 

 rhoidal artery; /3, posterior haemorrhoidal artery; s, perineal artery; t, art. profunda penis; n, art. bullii 

 urethra-; »•, art. dorsalis penis; w, middle sacral artery, a' , posterior vena cava; other veins are satellites of 

 arteries and corresijondingly named; 1, ilio-psoas muscle; 2. tendon of j)soas minor; S, abdominal muscles; 4< 

 sartoriiis; .5, rectus femoris; 5', vastus internus; 6, jiectiiiens; a' , adductor; 7, gracilis; <S, sym))h,\sis pelvis; 9, 

 ilium; /O, pyriformis; //.gluteus superficialis; I^, obturator internus; Id, penis; J4, lumbar vertebrae, (.\fter 

 EUenberger, in Leisering's .\tlas.) 



divides near the pylorus into right gastro-epiploic and pancreatico-duodenal. 

 The (left) gastric artery passes to the lesser curvature of the stomach and ramifies 

 chiefly on the left part of the stomach, giving off a branch which anastomoses with 

 the pyloric branch of the hei)atic. The splenic artery gives off pancreatic branches, 

 and reaches the lowtM' ])art of the .s])le('n. It gix'cs olT th(^ left gastro-ei)iploic, and 

 a branch which passes to the dorsal end of the spleen, which it supplies, besides 

 giving off twigs to ihv left extremity of the stomach. 



The anterior mesenteric artery arises close behind the coeliac. It gives off a 

 common trunk for two colic arteries and the ileo-ca'co-colic. The former supply 

 the transverse and the anterior i)art of the left or descending colon, while the latter 

 divides into branches for the ileum, caecum, and first part of the colon. The trunk 

 is continued as the artery of the small intestine, giving off fourteen to sixteen 



