88 DISEASE AMONG SWINE AND OTHER DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



stagjjers wlien it attempts to move about, and seems weakest in its hinder parts. It 

 usually wants to hide itself in litter and straw, and when it does so lies flat on its 

 belly. In most cases there are frequent slimj' discharges from the bowels, accompa- 

 nied with profuse bleeding at the nose. Large hogs become very much prostrated 

 within from twenty-four to forty-eight hours, and quite frequently die within that 

 period. The fatality is greatest among ]>ig8 from four to seven months old; the dis- 

 ease quite often carrying oft" from 80 to 90 per cent, of the younger shoats. Among 

 hogs that have attained their growth the loss is from 40 to 50 per cent. The disease 

 is usually attended with high fever and great thirst. The skin is generally covered 

 with small red spots of a very deej) color, and before death ensues the breathing often 

 becomes very laborious. 



After death the internal structure of the hog is generally found to be perfect, except 

 the lungs. In most cases these important organs are found in a very unhealthy con- 

 dition, in many cases presenting the appearance of jelly. As regards remedies and 

 preventives, almost everything has been tried, and I can say, from experience and 

 close observation, with very little success. My remedy would be to separate the sick 

 from the well hogs, and kill the infected ones as fast as they show symptoms of the 

 disease. 



Mr. J. E. ]MiNTER, Boouville, Owsley County, Kentucky, .says: 



Hogs in this locality have been afflicted and are now dying of a disease known as 

 cholera. The disease is not so prevalent or fatal, however, as in former seasons. We 

 have no preventive or remedy for the malady. Fowls are also dying quite rapidly of 

 chicken-cholera. When attacked the gills of the fowls turn pale, they lose their flesh, 

 and generally die very suddenly. We have no remedy for the disease. 



Mr. J. W. Nicholson, Camden, Camden County, New Jersey, says: 



Quite a number of horses have died here with something like "dumb colic," a dis- 

 ease which makes very rapid progess; if not relieved, generally ending in the death of 

 the animal within from four to eight hours. The most eftectual remedy that has come 

 to my knowledge is sulphate of ether and laudanum. Some few cases of " mad stag- 

 gers" have occurred, for which there seems to be no remedy. I know of no other 

 disease among horses which assumes anything like an epidemic form. W^e have had 

 a few cases of Texas fever among cattle, for which no successful treatment has been 

 discovered. Cholera among hogs probably kills 5 per cent, of these animals. Losses 

 from chicken-cholera will reach 10 per cent, of all the fowls attacked. No treatment 

 of this disease has proved of any benefit. It sometimes leaves only two or three fowls 

 out of a large flock. 



Mr. Frank Herr, Waterloo, Monroe County, Illinois, says: 



For the past year the hogs in my neighborhood have been more or less afflicted with 

 malarial fever. The disease commences with red and sore eyes, which symptom lasts 

 a day or two, when the hog grows stiff, shivers with cold for a few minutes at a time, 

 with intermittent heat as of a fever, after which it dies within from three to four 

 hours. My remedy is twenty-four grains of quinine, given in sugar and sweet milk, in 

 three doses a day; or given in apple-butter forced down the throat, if the animal no 

 longer eats. I found this a pretty eftectual remedy. I give pigs three or four grains 

 of quinine per day in some manner. 



I have seen a few cases of milk-fever among cows, which generally killed them 

 within from six to fifteen hours. The most lingering case extended into a period of 

 three days. I had good success in administering Glauber's salts and saltpeter in reason- 

 able doses. Iji the early stages of the attack I gave cold water injections every two 

 hours. If badly constipated I also gave one-half pound of Glau1)er'8 salts and a half 

 pint of raw linseed-oil at intervals, until a passage was eff'ected. I then gave two 

 drachms of pulverized camphor in strong valerian tea and kept the cow warm. 



Mr. Christian Hergenroeder, Waterloo, Monroe County, Illinois, 

 says: 



We have had numerous cases of sick hogs here. The difliculty seemed to he all 

 located in the throat. I gave sulphur in all cases, but it did no good. The hogs 

 would continue to eat heartily up to the time of their death. 



Some chickens have died of cholera. I gave berries of bitter-sweet in water, but 

 cannot say that it did any good. The disease continued for about three weeks. 



