98 DISEASE AMONG SWINE AND OTHER DOMESTIC ANIMALS, 



mentary canal ; the larger oues mostly from the lungs, although nearly all the tissues 

 were to some extent infested with them. I found the bowels constipated, notwithstand- 

 ing the name applied to tlie disease, and filled with impacted fmces. Mixed with the 

 fecal matter and adhering to the walls of the canal were myriads of the small worms. 

 I saw no large worms in the bowels. There were numbers of small inflamed points 

 along the inner surface of the bowels, but no large patches of inflammation. Perfora- 

 tions were i)crhaj)8 made at these points. 



The hogs had been troubled with persistent cough, which led me to examine the 

 lungs carefully. Here were found great patches of inflammation, and the larger worms 

 were very numerous. The lung tissue in places was entirely broken down and the 

 sounder portions riddled with worms. Next to the lungs and bowels the liver suffered 

 most. The worms here were also larger than those in the bowels, from which I infer 

 that the worm, after being hatched in the bowel, perforates it and penetrates the other 

 tissues. Some fattening hogs recently killed show worms in the liver ; but as the hogs 

 seemed tolerably healthy, with sound lungs, I doubt their identity with the ones sent 

 you. 



From what I have seen of the disease I make the following deductions : 



1. The worms are hatched in the bowels. 



2. They must be destroyed before they leave the bowels. 



3. When the lung is perforated treatment is unavailing. 



4. Almost all cases let alone prove fatal. 



Treatment should be founded on these principles. I recommended calomel and 

 arsenic to a number of farmers. Many hogs just taken recovered under this treatment, 

 but nearly all the old cases died. 



Mr. Samuel Bake, Amanda, Fairfield County, Ohio, says : 



There have been no contagious diseases prevailing among farm-animals in this neigh- 

 borhood except a disease known as cholera among hogs. It has been very fatal in this 

 vicinity, and several hundred hogs have recently died from its attaqks. The disease 

 does not attack all alike. Some commence by bleeding at the nose, others by vomit- 

 ing and purging. Still others will quit eating, lie around a few days, and then die. 

 Some will eat with apparent good appetite and in an hour will be dead ; some will 

 linger two weeks and then die. About o per cent, of those attacked recover. No re- 

 liable remedy has as yet been discovered. What seems to benefit one herd has no effect 

 on another. It is believed by many stock-raisers, however, that the disease can in 

 a great measure be prevented by using such remedies as are within the reach of all. 

 Give your hogs comfortable quarters and plenty of good water. Salt them every week, 

 and mix with the salt wood-ashes and sulphur ; have stone-coal for them to run to, 

 and feed regularly. Those who have practiced this treatment have saved their hogs. 



Mr. J. K. Pruden, Sidney, Shelby County, Ohio, says: 



I have had a great many hogs to die of a disease called cholera. AVhen it first made 

 its appearance on our farm it was very fatal. The animals were handled in various 

 ways. Some would vomit, some would purge, some would do both, and some would 

 do neither. The few that recovered would break out all over and lose their hair, and 

 in some cases the hide with it. In some instances the flesh would slough off in large 

 lumps. A few of such cases recovered and afterward made fine hogs. I think the 

 disease is a brain disorder and an affection of the lungs, for the hogs have a cough, 

 and the voaiiting and purging are no doubt the result of deathly sickness. 



I have tried every remedy I could hear of without any success. What would seem 

 to benefit one hog would do no good in other cases. The best thing I have found is 

 sulphur and asafetida ; they, however, seldom cure the disease, but they are good as 

 preventives. 



For two years cholera prevailed extensively in our flock of chickens, and we lost a 

 great many. Finally, we cleaned and limed their roosts, put in plenty of ashes for 

 them to w^allow in, and gave them milk to drink, since which time we have lost none. 



There is a disease among sheep here called " sore mouth," which, if let alone, proves 

 very fatal. A preparation made of vitriol and chlorate of lime, and used as a wash for 

 the mouth, will be found a sure cure. I have seen cases of the foot-rot and scab, and 

 I believe the disease the result of too close shedding. I generally keep from one to 

 five hundred head of sheep on ray farm, but I am not troubled with this disease. I 

 have sheds for my sheep, but I do not confine them. 



Ml-. A. H. Wrenn, Mount Gilead, Morrow County, Ohio, says: 



There has been a slight return of the epizootic among horses this fall, accompanied 

 ■with a slight cough and a little discharge from the nose. But little medicine was 



