100 DISEASE AMONG SWINE AND OTHER DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



other hogs that might he Hiniilarly attacked. The next day two other hogs were 

 taken sick in the same way, hut instead of putting them in a hot place in the manure 

 they put them where the temperature was very low, and the resuU was that they both 

 dieil. By separating them into small lots and giving them dry beds to sleep in we lost 

 no n)ore. 



I have had sucking pigs affected with fever, hard breathing, and costivoness, for the 

 removal of which difiiculty I have used a syringe with some success. The second stage 

 of this disease is hemorrhage of the bowels, of which the pigs die. The principal cause 

 of the disease, I think, is the lack of dry, warm beds, and the sleeping of too many 

 together. 



Several farmers near me have sustained severe losses among their hogs this year. 

 One of them told me that spirits of turi)entiue had been of more benefit to his animals 

 than anything he had tried. 



Chicken-cholera has prevailed to a considerable extent. In many cases the disease 

 has proved very destructive. It commenced in my flock by attacking two turkeys 

 which I had bought. I discovered it by a peculiar chirping noise which they made. 

 On examining their mouths and throats I found them almost closed with a fungous 

 growth. This I scraped off, and then applied quick-lime liberally. Two applications 

 of this entirely cured them. I also sprinkled lime plentifully about the roosts where 

 the fowls could get it easily. 



Among young cattle we frequently have black-leg, and milk-fever sometimes prevails 

 among cows. Abortion among cows also frequently occurs and often proves fatal. 



Mr. Orlando Wilcox, Hinckley, Medina County, Ohio, says : 



Some time last summer Mr. Whipp, of this county, went to East Saint Louis and 

 bought ninety head of what are called Cherokee cattle, but their long horns, long legs, 

 and gaunt bodies indicated plainly that they Avere of Texas origin. He brought them 

 to Borea by rail, drove them home, and put them on to what is known as the Wilson 

 farm. Some time in the early part of September his native cattle began to die, and 

 kept dying until he lost about thirty head. I ought to have said before that these 

 Cherokee cattle were very unruly and went almost anywhere they desired. They 

 jumped into most of the neighboring farms, but were driven out as soon as discovered. 

 Among other farms they trespassed upon was that of Lewis Conaut, where they were 

 not discovered until they had lain down to rest. Soon after three of Mr. Conant's cows 

 sickened and died. Upon close investigation it was discovered that these Cherokee 

 cattle were infested with wood-ticks, which it was supposed they brought with them, 

 as ticks are scarce in this country. The theory of the farmers in this township is that 

 the Cherokee cattle communicated the ticks to the native stock. Our native cattle, 

 not being used to them, had their blood poisoned, while the others, being used to them 

 all their lives, were not affected. People going from a healthy country into a malarious 

 district will have the fever and ague and other bilious complaints, while the natives 

 who have always lived in that locality are but seldom attacked. 



The cause of the Texas fever was much discussed in our local papers. Many con- 

 tended that it was caused by saliva left on the grass by the Texas cattle ; others that 

 it was caused exclusively by the ticks brought by the Texas cattle. It is certain that 

 Whipp's cattle were badly infested with ticks, as a large number were collected and 

 sent to the editor of the Medina Gazette. This was also indicated by the remedies 

 used, linseed and kerosene oil. Where this was used in season a cure was effected. 

 This Texas fever is the only disease that I know of that has been epidemic among cat- 

 tle here. Sporadic cases of various diseases have appeared now and then, but we are 

 pretty well versed in such diseases and know what remedies to use. 



Mr. Fred. P. Newkirk, Oxford, Chenango County, New York, says : 



In reply to your inquiries, I would say that abortion in cows and black-leg in calves 

 are the principal diseases iu this vicinity. Not keeping cows, I can give you little or no 

 information in regard to abortion. Keeping about one hundred calves, I think I am 

 ■well posted in regard to black-leg. A calf attacked with it will be stiff in the limbs ; 

 its eyes will sink in the head and it will lose its appetite. The duration of the attack 

 is from two to twenty-four hours. Sometimes they will live two days. I have never 

 heard of one recovering. After the discovery of an attack of black-leg the animal is 

 as good as dead. If bled no blood will flow. The disease usually settles in the legs, 

 hips, or shoulders. The exact locality can be ascertained by rapping on the animal 

 •with the ends of the fingers, and when the affected parts are reached the sound will be 

 like that produced by ra[)ping on blubber, and, in fact, when cut open the part affected 

 will be found black and blubbery. I have cut a slit four inches long in a shoulder 

 without a sign of distress, the part affected being entirely dead. 



In those that I have dissected the internal organs were found perfect, but the heart 

 and veins were full of coagulated blood as black as tar. The fact that little or no blood 



