61 



A. Those not caused hy parasites. 



1. CATAHKH OF THE CROP. 



When, for any reason, 

 (lie contents o-f the crop 

 stagnate for an unusual 

 length of time it mav 

 undergo fermentation, 

 just as food accumu- 

 lated in any other 

 warm, moist place 

 would undergo fermen- 

 tation, and this results 

 in the production of a 

 rather irritative com- 

 pound which, acting for 

 a more or less pro- 

 longed period upon the 

 lining membrane of the 

 crop, produces a superfi- 

 cial inflammation 

 known as catarrh. The 

 same result may occur 

 when parasites are em- 

 bedded in the lining 

 membrane of the crop 

 or when fowls eat irri- 

 tant materials. 



This condition may be 

 recognized by the ap- 

 pearance of a swelling 

 in front of the breast 



DiGKSTivE Apparatus of biros. 



A. oesophagus: B. crop; C. infundio 

 ulum; D. gizzard; E, liver; F, gall blad- 

 der; G, pancreaB: H. duodenum; I, small 

 Intestine; K, caeca; L, large intestine; M, 

 which is soft to pressure ureters; N, oviduct; 0, cloaca. 



