101 



dark. The desigiicitioii is not a good one, however, be- 

 cause this discoloration of the liead may come from 

 other causes than this particuhir disease, and some- 

 times in this disease the head does not become darl^. 

 As yet, a good popular, descriptive name lias not been 

 suggestd. 



Infectious entero-hepatitis is caused by protozoa, 

 minute animal parasites so small and simple that they 

 can scarcely be distinguished from some members of 

 the vegetable kingdom. 

 These gain access to the di- 

 gestive tract of turkeys and 

 enter the caeca, which are 

 two prolonged pouches 

 springing from the union of 

 the small and large intes- 

 tines. Within the caeca, 

 the protozoa of this disease 

 irritate the mucous mem- 

 brane and cause it to be- 

 come thickened and ulcer- 

 ated. The caeca also be- 

 come distended and some- 

 times extraordinarily large. 

 The protozo<a penetrate to 

 the liver and cause there the 

 formation of yellowish spots 

 resembling small abscesses 

 filled with cheesy pus. This 

 appearance results from the 

 death of localized areas of 

 liver tissue. The surround 

 in<|- jiarts of the liver are full 

 of blood, and the entire organ is considerably enlarged 



C^CA OF Healthy Turkey. 



The central tube is the small in- 

 testine, the food passings down- 

 ward in the direction of the arrow. 

 At the junction of the c£Bca with 

 the intestine, the food is drawn 

 Into the ciuca by suction. The 

 thickness of the caecal wall is 

 shown in a. One-half natural 

 size (Moore). 



