PARASITIC GASTRO-ENTERITIS, ETC., IN CATTLE, SHEEP AND LAMBS. 269 



Therap. for 1896, j). 314) also gives a very full description, illustrated by 

 plates, of the two species of strongyles which he regards as the cause 

 of gastritis in cattle in England. 



The lesions are those of wasting diseases. The first three gastric 

 compartments may be thin, but usually show no abnormality. The 

 mucous membrane of the abomasum show^s evidences of catarrh, is 

 sometimes covered with a loose crouj^ous material, or is denuded of its 

 epithelium and even extensively destroyed. In acute cases it is more 

 or less deeply reddened over spots or extensive patches. Occasionally 

 it appears jelly-like, owing to effusion into its substance. Except for 

 the catarrhal condition 

 the small intestines may 

 be healthy, but the large, 

 especially the colon and 

 caecum, show lesions simi- 

 lar to, but more pro- 

 nounced than, those of 

 the abomasum. 



The treatment com- 

 prises administration of 

 the usual vermifuges, of 

 w;hich Penberthy prefers 

 turpentine. The diet 

 should be nutritious and 

 easily digestible. Among 

 drugs, non - irritant iron 

 salts, cod liver oil, bitter 

 vegetable tonics and com- 

 mon salt are recom- 

 mended. The animals should be housed and kept warm ; the litter, 

 containing parasites, should be destroyed. The pastures may be dressed 

 with salt and lime; those worst infected should be ploughed. An un- 

 infected water supply is essential. 



Parasitic Gastro-enteritis in Sheep and Lambs. A disease in seven 

 to eight months old lambs, closely resembling the above, was described 

 by McFadyean in the Jour, of Corny. Path, and Tlierap. for 1897, p. 48. 

 Sheej) over one year old were not affected. 



The symptoms comprised diarrhoea, rapid wasting, impaired appetite, 

 thirst, a tendency to lick and swallow sand or earth, dulness, and con- 

 tinued fever (105° to 108° Fahr.). There w^as no evidence of acute pain 

 or of marked cough. 



Duration. The disease sometimes proved fatal in one or two days, 

 but sometimes extended over several days or w-eeks. The mortality 



Fig. 115.— Caudal extremitj- of male Strongylus cer- 

 vicornis. (Block kindly lent by Prof. McFadyean. 



