GANGRENOUS BRONCHO-PNEUMONIA. DUE TO FOREIGN BODIES. 851 



Bournay has noted the occurrence of a musical sound resembling that 

 obtained by tapping a small crystal or glass bell. 



Auscultation is said to reveal rough or sibilant rales, but as the 

 lesions occur only in animals whose respiratory apparatus has already 

 been impaired, it is difficult to offer an opinion on the subject. 



These signs are invariably accompanied by a certain amount of general 

 ill-health, wasting, and irregularity of appetite and of rumination. 



On post-mortem examination the lung of the affected animal appears 

 strewn with nodules, varying in size between a hazel-nut and a walnut. 

 On section, Bournay claims to have found a wall or fibrous shell 

 covering a greenish cryptogamic growth, in the centre of which was a 

 yellowish, sharply defined kernel formed of masses of fungi {Mycelium, 

 sterigmata and spores). In cases of rapid development, the pulmonary 

 tissue around the parasitic lesion is completely hepatised. 



Diagnosis. Diagnosis is impossible without recourse to microsco2)ic 

 examination of the discharge. This examination, which, however, is 

 somewhat difficult, may, after staining, result in the detection of debris 

 of the mycelial filaments and of spores, w^ith or without bacilli of tuber- 

 culosis. The diagnosis as regards fungi can only be assured by preparing 

 cultures. 



Prognosis. The prognosis is grave, because the disease is always 

 superadded to lesions, which of themselves would justify a sombre view. 



Treatment. In consequence of the small number of observations pub- 

 lished and the difficulty in diagnosis, no rational treatment has hitherto 

 been laid down. From a purely theoretical standpoint, fumigations with 

 tar and essence of turpentine and the inhalation of carbolic spray have 

 been recommended. Life in the open air would, without doubt, be 

 equally or more efficacious. Preventive treatment consists in with- 

 holding musty fodder and keeping the stables clean. 



GANGRENOUS BRONCHO-PNEUMONIA DUE TO FOREIGN 



BODIES. 



Foreign bodies which find their way into the trachea instead of 

 the oesophagus provoke in most cases broncho-pneumonia, which very 

 rapidly terminates in gangrene and death. 



Causation. Forced feeding of sick animals which have lost their 

 appetite is one of the principal causes of this grave condition. In 

 order to administer food such as mashes, gruel, hay tea, etc., the ox- 

 herds have a bad habit of lifting the entire head and drawing forward 

 the tongue whilst they pour the concoctions iijto the animal's mouth. 

 The liquid cannot then be divided into portions, deglutition in the 

 pharynx is badly effected, and the substances administered find their 



