iNFECTlOLtS PVELO-NlCPURlflS. 



53S 



prognosis is not very grave as regards immediate danger. As the 

 condition is hopeless, however, the lesions being irreparable, the 

 animal sliould be prepared for slaughter. 



Treatment. Practically there is no treatment. Puncture of the 

 cystic cavity or even the removal of the hydro-nephrotic kidney cer- 

 tainly suggests itself, but, as such operations are usually opposed to 

 the interests of the owner, they are rarely or never practised. 



INFECTIOUS PYELONEPHRITIS. 

 The term " infectious pyelo-nephritis " describes an inflammation 

 which may involve any portion of the mucous membrane of the 



Fig. 229, — Section of a kidney afifected with hydro-nephrosis. The gland substance 

 is almost entirely atrophied, and each lobule shows marked dilatation. 



urinary tract, and which is produced by a special bacillus. As a 

 rule, this inflammation commences in the mucous membrane of the 

 calices and pelvis (pyelitis). It afterwards extends into the depths 

 of the uriniferous canaliculi (nephritis), but in grave and old- stand- 

 ing cases the mucous membrane of the ureters and the bladder may 

 also be affected. The disease had long been known in France 

 (Kossignol, 1848).- It was afterwards described in Germany (Siedam- 

 grotski, 1875; Piliig, 1876), in Switzerland (Hess, 1888), and also in 

 France (Lucet, 1892; Masselin and Porcher, 1895). 



Causation. Female animals are more frequently affected than 

 males, because the lesions are produced by an ascending infection, 

 originating very frequently in genital infection after delivery. Never- 



